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  • Chapter 7: Aircraft Materials, Hardware, & Processes › Aircraft Metals › Nuts, Bolts, & Screws

    Example 8 illustrates several components in a closely spaced closed geometrical pattern using a single wire method. When drilled head bolts, screws, or other parts are grouped together, they are more conveniently safety wired to each other in a series ... rather than individually. The number of nuts, bolts, or screws that may be safety wired together is dependent on the application. For instance, when safety wiring widely spaced bolts by the double twist method, a group of three should…

  • Chapter 7: Aircraft Materials, Hardware, & Processes › Turnbuckles › General Safety Wiring Rules

    General Safety Wiring Rules When using the safety wire method of safetying, the following general rules should be followed: Pigtail of 1⁄4 to 1⁄2 inch (three to six twists) should be made at the end of the wiring ... This pigtail must be bent back or under to prevent it from becoming a snag. 2. The safety wire must be new upon each application. 3. When castellated nuts are to be secured with safety wire, tighten…

  • Chapter 7: Aircraft Materials, Hardware, & Processes › Aircraft Metals › Aircraft Hardware

    Aircraft Hardware Aircraft hardware is the term used to describe the various types of fasteners and miscellaneous small items used in the manufacture and repair of aircraft. The importance of aircraft hardware is often overlooked because of its small size ... however, the safe and efficient operation of any aircraft is greatly dependent upon the correct selection and use of aircraft hardware. An aircraft, even though made of the best materials and strongest parts, would be of doubtful value unless those…

  • Chapter 7: Aircraft Materials, Hardware, & Processes › Aircraft Metals › Standards and Specifications

    fittings to various parts of the aircraft, and for fastening innumerable bracing members and other parts together. The rivet creates a bond that is at least as strong as the material being joined. Two of the major types of rivets ... used in aircraft are the common solid shank type, which must be driven using a bucking bar, and the special (blind) rivets, which may be installed where it is impossible to use a bucking bar. Aircraft rivets are not hardware…

  • Chapter 7: Aircraft Materials, Hardware, & Processes › Aircraft Metals › Nonmetallic Aircraft Materials

    Because each of these drawings reduces the ductility of the wire, it must be annealed from time to time before further drawings can be accomplished. Although cold-working reduces the ductility, it increases the tensile strength of the wire ... making seamless steel aircraft tubing, the tubing is cold drawn through a ring-shaped die with a mandrel or metal bar inside the tubing to support it while the drawing operations are being performed. This forces the metal to flow…