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  • Chapter 9: Aircraft Electrical System › Aircraft Electrical Systems › Small Single-Engine Aircraft

    would disconnect the alternator from the bus. Figure 9-82. Schematic GCU control of the exciter field magnetism. Aircraft Electrical Systems Virtually all aircraft contain some form of an electrical system. The most basic aircraft must produce electricity for operation ... engine’s ignition system. Modern aircraft have complex electrical systems that control almost every aspect of flight. In general, electrical systems can be divided into different categories according to the function of the system. Common systems include lighting, engine starting…

  • Chapter 16: Cabin Environmental Control Systems › Vapor Cycle Air Conditioning › System Servicing

    Water is removed from the system by evacuation. Anytime the system refrigerant charge falls below atmospheric pressure, the refrigerant is lost, or the system is opened, it must be evacuated before recharging. Evacuating a vapor cycle air conditioning system ... also known as pumping down the system. A vacuum pump is connected and pressure inside the system is reduced to vaporize any water that may exist. Continued operation of the vacuum pump draws the water vapor from the system…

  • Chapter 9: Navigation Systems › Instrument Approach Systems › Instrument Landing Systems (ILS)

    Instrument Approach Systems Most navigation systems approved for en route and terminal operations under IFR, such as VOR, NDB, and GPS, may also be approved to conduct IAPs. The most common systems in use in the United States ... simplified directional facility (SDF), localizer-type directional aid (LDA), and microwave landing system (MLS). These systems operate independently of other navigation systems. There are new systems being developed, such as WAAS and LAAS. Other systems have been developed for special…