CA.IV.D.R2e

From the FAA library

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 11-17
  Chapter 11: Aircraft Performance › Takeoff and Landing Performance › Landing Performance

  item that alters the landing speed or deceleration rate during the landing roll affects the landing distance. The effect of gross weight on landing distance is one of the principal items determining the landing distance. One effect of an increased ... gross weight is that a greater speed is required to support the aircraft at the landing AOA and lift coefficient. For an example of the effect of a change in gross weight, a 21 percent increase in landing weight requires…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 9-4
  Chapter 9: Approaches and Landings › Final Approach › Wrong Surface Landing Avoidance

  airspeed are maintained by integrating pitch and power changes, an untrained or inexperienced pilot may try to reach a landing spot by applying back-elevator pressure without adding power. However, attempting to stretch the final approach by raising the pitch ... excessive rate of descent or a low altitude stall. It is possible for either or both to occur. Wrong Surface Landing Avoidance A wrong surface landing occurs when an aircraft lands or tries to land on the wrong runway…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 9-23
  Chapter 9: Approaches and Landings › Soft-Field Approach and Landing

  that the wings support the weight of the airplane as long as practical to minimize stresses imposed on the landing gear by a rough surface or to prevent sinking into a soft surface. The approach for the soft-field landing ... similar to the normal approach used for operating into long, firm landing areas. The major difference between the two is that a degree of power is used throughout the level-off and touchdown for the soft-field landing. This allows…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 18-12
  Chapter 18: Emergency Procedures › Flight Control Malfunction/Failure › Landing Gear Malfunction

  hard surface does, however, create sparks that can ignite fuel. If the airport is so equipped, the pilot can request that the runway surface be foamed. The pilot should consider burning off excess fuel. This reduces landing speed and fire ... potential. If the landing gear malfunction is limited to one main landing gear leg, the pilot should consume as much fuel from that side of the airplane as practicable, thereby reducing the weight of the wing on that side…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 9-23
  Chapter 9: Approaches and Landings › Short-Field Approach and Landing › Common Errors

  Common Errors Common errors in the performance of short-field approaches and landings are: 1. A final approach that necessitates an overly steep approach and high sink rate. 2. Unstable approach. 3. Undue delay in initiating glide path corrections ... airspeed on final resulting in inability to flare properly and landing hard. 5. Too high an airspeed resulting in floating on round out. 6. Prematurely reducing power to idle on round out resulting in hard landing. 7. Touchdown with excessive…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 9-15
  Chapter 9: Approaches and Landings › Crosswind Approach and Landing

  Common Errors Common errors with forward slips to a landing: 1. Incorrect pitch adjustments that result in poor airspeed control. 2. Reacting to erroneous airspeed indications. 3. Using excess power while trying to lose altitude. 4. A slip ... same direction as any crosswind. 5. Poor glidepath control. 6. Late transition to a sideslip during landing with crosswinds. 7. Landing without the longitudinal axis parallel to runway. 8. Landing off the centerline. Crosswind Approach and Landing Most runways…