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CA.IX.G.R4

Risk management

Low altitude maneuvering, including stall, spin, or controlled flight into terrain (CFIT).

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From the FAA library

  • Chapter 3: Identifying Hazards & Associated Risks › Leading Accident Causes

    four causes of general aviation fatal accidents include loss of control in-flight (LOC-I), controlled flight into terrain (CFIT), system component failure of the powerplant (SCF-PP), and fuel-related issues. These causes often signify the final result ... Loss of Control In-flight (LOC-I)–Examples of loss of control scenarios include continued VFR into IMC, wake turbulence upsets, thunderstorm encounters, instrument failure, improper aircraft loading, loss of outside references during flight at night or over water…

  • Chapter 2: Aeronautical Decision-Making › RISK › Crew Resource Management (CRM) and Single-Pilot Resource Management

    flight. SRM includes the concepts of ADM, risk management (RM), task management (TM), automation management (AM), controlled flight into terrain (CFIT) awareness, and situational awareness (SA). SRM training helps the pilot maintain situational awareness by managing the automation and associated ... decisions. SRM is all about helping pilots learn how to gather information, analyze it, and make decisions. Although the flight is coordinated by a single person and not an onboard flight crew, the use of available resources such as auto…

  • Chapter 8: Aeronautical Decision-Making in Flight › Single-Pilot Resource Management

    includes competencies such as situational awareness, communication skills, teamwork, task allocation, aeronautical decision-making, risk management, controlled flight into terrain (CFIT) awareness, and automation management. Resources are found both inside and outside the aircraft. Many of the concepts are similar…

  • Glossary

    various segments of the aviation community with the goal to reduce accidents through a data-driven approach. Controlled flight into terrain (CFIT). An accident whereby an airworthy aircraft, under pilot control, inadvertently flies into terrain, an obstacle, or water…

  • Chapter 4: Energy Management: Mastering Altitude and Airspeed Control › Chapter Summary

    flight safety since mistakes in managing energy state can contribute to loss of control inflight (LOC-I), controlled flight into terrain (CFIT), and approach and landing accidents. The objectives of this chapter are for pilots to: 1) gain an understanding…

  • Chapter 3: Arrivals › Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT)

    Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT) Inappropriate descent planning and execution during arrivals has been a contributing factor to many fatal aircraft accidents. Since the beginning of commercial jet operations, more than 9,000 people have died worldwide because of controlled ... into terrain (CFIT). CFIT is described as an event in which a normally functioning aircraft is inadvertently flown into the ground, water, or an obstacle. Of all CFIT accidents, 7.2 percent occurred during the descent phase of flight. The basic…