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  • Chapter 10: IFR Flight › Approaches › Instrument Approaches to Civil Airports

    Instrument Approaches to Civil Airports Unless otherwise authorized, when an instrument letdown to an airport is necessary, the pilot should use a standard IAP prescribed for that airport. IAPs are depicted on IAP charts and are found ... approach procedures depend upon the facilities available at the terminal area, the type of instrument approach executed, and the existing weather conditions. The ATC facilities, NAVAIDs, and associated frequencies appropriate to each standard instrument approach are given on the approach…

  • Chapter 10: IFR Flight › Approach to an Airport With an Operating Tower, With an Approach Control › Approaches to Parallel Runways

    Approaches to Parallel Runways Procedures permit ILS instrument approach operations to dual or triple parallel runway configurations. A parallel approach is an ATC procedure that permits parallel ILS approach to airports with parallel runways separated by at least ... feet between centerlines. Wherever parallel approaches are in progress, pilots are informed that approaches to both runways are in use. Simultaneous approaches are permitted to runways: 1. With centerlines separated by 4,300 to 9,000 feet; 2. Equipped with…

  • Chapter 10: IFR Flight › Approach to an Airport With an Operating Tower, With an Approach Control › Radar Monitoring of Instrument Approaches

    Radar service is automatically terminated at the completion of a radar approach. No-Gyro Approach is available to a pilot under radar control who experiences circumstances wherein the directional gyro or other stabilized compass is inoperative or inaccurate. When this ... occurs, the pilot should so advise ATC and request a no-gyro vector or approach. The pilot of an aircraft not equipped with a directional gyro or other stabilized compass who desires radar handling may also request a no-gyro…

  • Chapter 10: IFR Flight › Approaches › Approach to Airport With an Operating Tower, With No Approach Control

    instrument approach and advises “change to advisory frequency approved.” When the aircraft arrives on a “cruise” clearance, ATC does not issue further clearance for approach and landing. If an approach clearance is required, ATC authorizes the pilots to execute ... choice of standard instrument approach (if more than one is published for the airport) with the phrase “Cleared for the approach” and the communications frequency change required, if any. From this point on, there is no contact with…

  • Chapter 2: Aeronautical Decision-Making › TEAM Checklist: Choose and Implement Risk Controls › The DECIDE Model

    First, adjust the power to the maximum controllable level on both engines. Because the left engine is the only engine delivering thrust, the yaw increases to the right, which necessitates application of additional left rudder application. Figure ... worldwide. Its application is illustrated in column A while automatic/naturalistic decision-making is shown in column B. The failed engine is the side that requires no rudder pressure, in this case the right engine. Second, having identified the failed right…

  • Chapter 13: Transition to Multiengine Airplanes › Engine Inoperative Approach and Landing

    performance variations caused by engine and propeller wear, turbulence, and pilot technique, the airplane may not maintain altitude even at its published single-engine ceiling. Any further rate of sink, however, would likely be modest. An engine failure ... pilot may not even be aware of a failure. If a failure is suspected, the pilot should advance both engine mixtures, propellers, and throttles significantly, to the takeoff settings if necessary, to correctly identify the failed engine. The power…