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  • Chapter 18: Emergency Procedures › System Malfunctions › Electrical System

    emergency” load following a generating system failure cannot be predetermined because the actual circumstances are always somewhat different—for example, whether the flight is VFR or instrument flight rules (IFR), conducted in day or at night, in clouds ... electrical power, the following steps should be taken: ⦁ Shed all but the most necessary electrically-driven equipment. ⦁ Understand that any loss of electrical power is critical in a small airplane—notify ATC of the situation immediately. Request radar vectors…

  • Chapter 10: IFR Flight › En Route Procedures › Position Reports

    made only when requested by ATC. A pilot should discontinue position reporting over designated reporting points when informed by ATC that the aircraft is in “RADAR CONTACT.” Position reporting should be resumed when ATC advises “RADAR CONTACT LOST” or “RADAR ... SERVICE TERMINATED.” Position reports should include the following items: 1. Identification 2. Position 3. Time 4. Altitude or flight level (include actual altitude or flight level when operating on a clearance specifying VFRon-top) 5. Type of flight plan…

  • Chapter 10: IFR Flight › Approaches › Approach to Airport With an Operating Tower, With No Approach Control

    instrument approach and advises “change to advisory frequency approved.” When the aircraft arrives on a “cruise” clearance, ATC does not issue further clearance for approach and landing. If an approach clearance is required, ATC authorizes the pilots to execute ... choice of standard instrument approach (if more than one is published for the airport) with the phrase “Cleared for the approach” and the communications frequency change required, if any. From this point on, there is no contact with ATC…

  • Chapter 10: IFR Flight › Approaches › Instrument Approaches to Civil Airports

    Instrument Approaches to Civil Airports Unless otherwise authorized, when an instrument letdown to an airport is necessary, the pilot should use a standard IAP prescribed for that airport. IAPs are depicted on IAP charts and are found ... ATC approach procedures depend upon the facilities available at the terminal area, the type of instrument approach executed, and the existing weather conditions. The ATC facilities, NAVAIDs, and associated frequencies appropriate to each standard instrument approach are given…

  • Chapter 10: IFR Flight › Approach to an Airport With an Operating Tower, With an Approach Control › Approaches to Parallel Runways

    Approaches to Parallel Runways Procedures permit ILS instrument approach operations to dual or triple parallel runway configurations. A parallel approach is an ATC procedure that permits parallel ILS approach to airports with parallel runways separated by at least ... feet between centerlines. Wherever parallel approaches are in progress, pilots are informed that approaches to both runways are in use. Simultaneous approaches are permitted to runways: 1. With centerlines separated by 4,300 to 9,000 feet; 2. Equipped with…

  • Chapter 10: IFR Flight › Approaches › Approach to Airport Without an Operating Control Tower

    This type of procedure may be requested by the pilot but is most often used in areas without radar coverage. A full approach also provides the pilot with a means of completing an instrument approach in the event ... communications failure. When an approach is flown with the assistance of radar vectors, ATC provides guidance in the form of headings and altitudes, which position the aircraft to intercept the final approach. From this point, the pilot resumes navigation, intercepts…