CH.I.C.K3g
KnowledgeMeteorology applicable to the departure, en route, alternate, and destination under visual flight rules (VFR) in Visual Meteorological Conditions (VMC), including expected climate and hazardous conditions such as:
Turbulence
From the FAA library
- 3 Overview of Aviation Weather Information › 3.4.2 Summaries of Specific Weather Information Contained in Various Weather Products › 3.4.2.9 Products with Turbulence Information
Products with Turbulence Information Table 3-12. Weather Element: Turbulence Type: text (T), graphic (G), image (I), voice (V) Turbulence reports include location, altitude, and aircraft type. The pilot determines the degree of turbulence, intensity, and duration. Severe or extreme ... turbulence is reported as an Urgent PIREP or Special AIREP. The vast majority of AIREPs are automated and include turbulence reports derived from the aircraft’s motion. Radar I Convective weather on radar could indicate potential areas of severe turbulence…
- Chapter 4. Air Traffic Control › Section 5. Surveillance Systems › 4-6-6. Guidance on Severe Turbulence and Mountain Wave Activity (MWA)
Pilot Actions When Encountering Weather (e.g., Severe Turbulence or MWA) 1. Weather Encounters Inducing Altitude Deviations of Approximately 200 feet. When the pilot experiences weather induced altitude deviations of approximately 200 feet, the pilot will contact ATC and state “Unable ... RVSM Due (state reason)” (e.g., turbulence, mountain wave). See contingency actions in paragraph 4-6-9. 2. Severe Turbulence (including that associated with MWA). When pilots encounter severe turbulence, they should contact ATC and report the situation. Until the pilot…
- 24 Observations › 24.5.1 Pilot Weather Reports (PIREP) › 24.5.1.11 Icing (/IC)
Turbulence (/TB) Turbulence intensity, type, and altitude are reported after wind direction and speed. Duration (intermittent (INTMT), occasional (OCNL), or continuous (CONS)) is coded first (if reported by the pilot), followed by the intensity (light (LGT), moderate (MOD), severe ... extreme (EXTRM)). Range or variation of intensity is separated with a hyphen (e.g., MOD-SEV). If turbulence was forecasted but not encountered, negative (NEG) is entered. Type is coded second. CAT or CHOP is entered if reported by the pilot…
- Chapter 4. Air Traffic Control › Section 5. Surveillance Systems › 4-6-7. Guidance on Wake Turbulence
traffic to avoid Yankee 123). 4. FL Change or Re-route. To leave airspace where MWA or severe turbulence is being encountered, the pilot may request a FL change and/or re-route, if necessary. 4-6-7. Guidance on Wake ... Turbulence a. Pilots should be aware of the potential for wake turbulence encounters in RVSM airspace. Experience gained since 1997 has shown that such encounters in RVSM airspace are generally moderate or less in magnitude. b. Prior to DRVSM implementation…
- Chapter 7. Safety of Flight › Section 4. Wake Turbulence › 7-4-8. Pilot Responsibility
testing have been conducted, in addition to ongoing wake initiatives, in an attempt to mitigate the effects of wake turbulence. Pilots must exercise vigilance in situations where they are responsible for avoiding wake turbulence. b. Pilots are reminded that ... acknowledgment that the pilot will ensure safe takeoff and landing intervals and accepts the responsibility for providing wake turbulence separation. 1. Traffic information. 2. Instructions to follow an aircraft; and 3. The acceptance of a visual approach clearance…
- Chapter 10: IFR Flight › Instrument Weather Flying › Turbulence
that might affect a VFR flight, an IFR pilot must consider the effects of other weather phenomena (e.g., thunderstorms, turbulence, icing, and visibility). Turbulence Inflight turbulence can range from occasional light bumps to extreme airspeed and altitude variations that make ... aircraft control difficult. To reduce the risk factors associated with turbulence, pilots must learn methods of avoidance, as well as piloting techniques for dealing with an inadvertent encounter. Turbulence avoidance begins with a thorough preflight weather briefing. Many reports…