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  • Chapter 8: Ground Procedures and Flight Preparations › Preflight

    pilot regarding ground safety in and around the helicopter and when preparing to fly. Preflight Before any flight, ensure the helicopter is airworthy by inspecting it according to the rotorcraft flight manual (RFM), pilot’s operating handbook (POH), or other ... both the inside and outside inspection. This ensures that all the items the manufacturer feels are important are checked. If supplemental equipment has been added to the helicopter, these procedures should be included on the checklist as well…

  • Chapter 13: Effective Aeronautical Decision-Making › Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT) Awareness

    downs and attempting to take off would probably result in a dynamic rollover accident. Whenever possible, preflight inspection should always be conducted during the day or in a lighted hangar. Depth perception is less acute; therefore, hover height should ... about avoiding night CFIT accidents. That alert included the following information: • Terrain familiarization is critical to safe visual operations at night. Use sectional charts or other topographic references to ensure the helicopter will safely clear terrain and obstructions all along…

  • Chapter 12: Night Operations › Night Flight › Preflight

    Preflight Aircraft preflight inspection is a critical aspect of flight safety. It must comply with the appropriate rotorcraft flight manual (RFM). Preflight should be scheduled as early as possible in the flight planning sequence, preferably during daylight hours, allowing time ... maintenance assistance and correction. If a night preflight is necessary, a flashlight with an unfiltered lens (white light) should be used to supplement lighting. Oil and hydraulic fluid levels and leaks are difficult to detect with a blue-green…

  • Chapter 6: Weight and Balance › Weight › Weight Limitations

    Maximum Gross Weight The maximum weight of the helicopter is referred to its maximum gross weight. Most helicopters have an internal maximum gross weight, which refers to the weight within the helicopter structure and an external maximum gross weight, which ... refers to the weight of the helicopter with an external load. The external maximum weight may vary depending on where it is attached to the helicopter. Some large cargo helicopters may have several attachment points for sling load or winch…

  • Chapter 4: Helicopter Components, Sections, and Systems › Hydraulics

    Hydraulics Most helicopters, other than smaller piston-powered helicopters, incorporate the use of hydraulic actuators to overcome high control forces. [Figure 4-25] A typical hydraulic system consists of actuators, also called servos, on each flight control, a pump which ... usually driven by the main rotor transmission and a reservoir to store the hydraulic fluid. Some helicopters have accumulators located on the pressure side of the hydraulic system. This allows for a continuous fluid pressure into the system. A switch…

  • Chapter 8: Ground Procedures and Flight Preparations › Safety in and Around Helicopters › Passengers

    their passenger carrying experience while remaining in good flying conditions and in a familiar area. All persons boarding a helicopter while its rotors are turning should be briefed on the safest means of doing so. The pilot in command ... prior to engine start to ensure complete understanding of all procedures. The exact procedures may vary slightly from one helicopter model to another, but the following should suffice as a generic guide. When boarding— 1. Stay away from the rear…