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  • Chapter 9: Basic Flight Maneuvers › Common Errors › S-Turns

    Common Errors 1. Faulty entry technique. 2. Poor planning, orientation, and/or division of attention. 3. Uncoordinated flight control application. 4. Improper correction for wind drift. 5. Failure to maintain selected altitude and airspeed. 6. Selection of a ground reference with ... feet above the terrain. As mentioned previously, if the student pilot is having a difficult time maintaining the proper altitude and airspeed, have him or her attempt the S-turn at a lower altitude, providing better ground reference…

  • Chapter 2: Aeronautical Decision-Making › The Decision-Making Process › The Plan

    Plan The “Plan” can also be called the mission or the task. It contains the basic elements of cross-country planning, weather, route, fuel, publications currency, etc. The “Plan” should be reviewed and updated several times during the course ... delayed takeoff due to maintenance, fast moving weather, and a short notice TFR may all radically alter the plan. The “plan” is not only about the flight plan, but also all the events that surround the flight and allow…

  • Chapter 13: Effective Aeronautical Decision-Making › Single-Pilot Resource Management

    nearby. Checklists are essential cockpit resources used to verify the aircraft instruments and systems are checked, set, and operating properly. They also ensure proper procedures are performed if there is a system malfunction or inflight emergency. Pilots at all levels ... experience refer to checklists. The more advanced the aircraft is, the more crucial checklists are. Therefore, have a plan on how to use the checklist (and other necessary publications) before you begin the flight. Always control the helicopter first. When…

  • Chapter 8: Ground Procedures and Flight Preparations › Engine Start and Rotor Engagement › Rotor Safety Considerations

    other aircraft. Aircraft Servicing The helicopter rotor blades are usually stopped, and both the aircraft and the refueling unit properly grounded prior to any refueling operation. The pilot should ensure that the proper grade of fuel and the proper additives ... known as “hot refueling,” may be practical for certain types of operation. However, this can be hazardous if not properly conducted. Pilots should remain at the flight controls; and refueling personnel should be knowledgeable about the proper refueling procedures…

  • Chapter 6: Threat and Error Management › Causes of Errors › Inadequate Flight Planning or Preparation

    Inadequate Flight Planning or Preparation Chapters 3, 4, and 5 of this handbook discuss risk analysis as an important step in the flight planning process. However, the pilot can only conduct a preflight risk analysis based on the information gathered ... before flight. Inadequate flight planning may leave a pilot in unanticipated conditions and can lead to errors. For example, a pilot dropped off a passenger at the Edward F. Knapp State airport (KMPV) in rural Vermont and expected to refuel…

  • Chapter 16: Navigation › Filing a VFR Flight Plan

    actual time cannot be given because of inadequate communication. The FSS specialist who accepts the flight plan does not inform the pilot of this procedure, however. Figure 16-27 shows the flight plan form a pilot files with ... When filing a flight plan by telephone or radio, give the information in the order of the numbered spaces. This enables the FSS specialist to copy the information more efficiently. Most of the fields are either self-explanatory…