CH.VIII.C.S4

From the FAA library

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 11-17
  Chapter 11: Aircraft Performance › Takeoff and Landing Performance › Landing Performance

  item that alters the landing speed or deceleration rate during the landing roll affects the landing distance. The effect of gross weight on landing distance is one of the principal items determining the landing distance. One effect of an increased ... gross weight is that a greater speed is required to support the aircraft at the landing AOA and lift coefficient. For an example of the effect of a change in gross weight, a 21 percent increase in landing weight requires…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 10-2
  Chapter 10: Advanced Flight Maneuvers › Reconnaissance Procedures › High Reconnaissance

  landing area, approach and departure axes, and obstacles for both the approach and departure. The pilot should also give particular consideration to forced landing areas in case of an emergency. Altitude, airspeed, and flight pattern for a high reconnaissance ... governed by wind and terrain features. It is important to strike a balance between a reconnaissance conducted too high and one too low. It should not be flown so low that a pilot must divide attention between studying the area…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 10-11
  Chapter 10: Advanced Flight Maneuvers › Pinnacle and Ridgeline Operations › Approach and Landing

  become necessary to make an immediate turn away from the pinnacle to avoid being forced into the rising terrain. Groundspeed during a pinnacle approach is more difficult to judge because visual references are farther away than during approaches over trees ... flat terrain. Pilots must continually perceive the apparent rate of closure by observing the apparent change in size of the landing zone features. Avoid the misperception of an increasing rate of closure to the landing site. The apparent rate…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 12-9
  Chapter 12: Night Operations › Night Flight › Illusions Leading to Landing Errors

  Outside visual references for airspeed and rate of closure may not be available, especially when landing in an unlit area, so pay special attention to the airspeed indicator. Although the landing light is a helpful aid when making night approaches ... there is an inherent disadvantage. The portion of the landing area illuminated by the landing light seems higher than the dark area surrounding it. This effect can cause a pilot to terminate the approach at an altitude that…

• Seaplane, Skiplane, and Float/Ski Equipped Helicopter Operations Handbookp. 6-5
  LANDING › DOWNWIND LANDING

  DOWNWIND LANDING Although downwind landings often require significantly more water area, there are occasions when they are more convenient or even safer than landing into the wind. Sometimes landing upwind would mean a long, slow taxi back along the landing ... path to get to the dock or mooring area. If winds are less than 5 knots and there is ample room, landing downwind could save taxi time. Unless the winds are light, a downwind landing is seldom necessary. Before deciding…

• Seaplane, Skiplane, and Float/Ski Equipped Helicopter Operations Handbookp. 7-7
  LANDINGS

  LANDINGS Landing a skiplane is easy compared to landing with wheels; however, for off-airport landings, extra precautions are necessary. Be careful in choosing a landing site. Before landing, evaluate the site to be sure a safe departure will ... possible. Upon arriving at a prospective landing site, a pass should be made over the landing area to determine landing direction, and to determine if a safe approach and landing can be completed. A trial landing should be accomplished…