CP.IV.A.R5

From the FAA library

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 5-12
  Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight › Ground Effect

  aircraft leaving ground effect after takeoff encounters just the reverse of an aircraft entering ground effect during landing. The aircraft leaving ground effect will: • Require an increase in AOA to maintain the same CL • Experience an increase in induced drag ... nose-up change in moment • Experience a reduction in static source pressure and increase in indicated airspeed Ground effect must be considered during takeoffs and landings. For example, if a pilot fails to understand the relationship between the aircraft…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 14-31
  Chapter 14: Airport Operations › Collision Avoidance › Runway Incursion Avoidance

  prevent ground deviations, stay alert during ground operations. Pilot deviations can and frequently do occur on the ground. Many strategies and tactics pilots use to avoid airborne deviations also work on the ground. Pilots should also remain vigilant about vehicle/pedestrian ... entering or moving on the runway movement area without authorization from air traffic control. In serious instances, any ground deviation (PD or VPD) can result in a runway incursion. Best practices in preventing ground deviations can be found…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. G-13
  Glossary › Domestic Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum

  Ground adjustable trim tab. Non-movable metal trim tab on a control surface. Bent in one direction or another while on the ground to apply trim forces to the control surface. Ground effect. The condition of slightly increased air pressure ... increases the amount of lift produced. It exists within approximately one wing span or one rotor diameter from the ground. It results from a reduction in upwash, downwash, and wingtip vortices, and provides a corresponding decrease in induced drag. Ground…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 14-31
  Chapter 14: Airport Operations › Collision Avoidance › Pilot Deviations (PDs)

  trying to avoid could result in a pilot deviation because ATC radar may show you within the restricted airspace. Ground deviations (also called surface deviations) include taxiing, taking off, or landing without clearance, deviating from an assigned taxi route ... failing to hold short of an assigned clearance limit. To prevent ground deviations, stay alert during ground operations. Pilot deviations can and frequently do occur on the ground. Many strategies and tactics pilots use to avoid airborne deviations also work…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 11-11
  Chapter 11: Helicopter Emergencies and Hazards › Ground Resonance

  surface, the unbalanced condition could be further aggravated. If the rpm is low, the only corrective action to stop ground resonance is to close the throttle immediately and fully lower the collective to place the blades in low pitch ... rotor disks because there is no drag hinge. In addition, skid-type landing gear is not as prone to ground resonance as wheel-type landing gear, since the rubber tires' resonant frequency typically can match that of the spinning rotor…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 11-11
  Chapter 11: Helicopter Emergencies and Hazards › Dynamic Rollover

  rollover angle is exceeded, the helicopter rolls on its side regardless of the cyclic corrections made. Figure 11-4. Ground resonance. Dynamic rollover begins when the helicopter starts to pivot laterally around its skid or wheel. For dynamic rollover…