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  • Chapter 6. Emergency Procedures › Section 2. Emergency Services Available to Pilots › 6-2-1. Radar Service for VFR Aircraft in Difficulty

    qualified for instrument flight cannot maintain control of their aircraft when they encounter clouds or other reduced visibility conditions. In many cases, the controller will not know whether flight into instrument conditions will result from ATC instructions. To avoid possible…

  • Chapter 5. Air Traffic Procedures › Section 2. Departure Procedures › 5-2-5. Line Up and Wait (LUAW)

    Operations, and 120-74A, Parts 91, 121, 125, and 135 Flightcrew Procedures during Taxi Operations. d. Situational awareness during line up and wait operations is enhanced by monitoring ATC instructions/clearances issued to other aircraft. Pilots should listen carefully ... should be especially vigilant when conducting LUAW operations at night, when intersecting runway operations are being conducted, or during reduced visibility conditions. Pilots should scan the full length of the runway and look for aircraft crossing the runway, on final…

  • Chapter 14: Airport Operations › Collision Avoidance › ATC Instructions—Explicit Runway Crossing

    should be used when directed by ATC to taxi onto or across a runway, especially at night and during reduced visibility conditions. Always comply with “hold short” or crossing instructions when approaching an entrance to a runway. Scan the full…

  • Chapter 4. Air Traffic Control › Section 3. Airport Operations › 4-3-24. Use of Aircraft Lights

    feet, day or night, especially when operating within 10 miles of any airport, or in conditions of reduced visibility and in areas where flocks of birds may be expected, i.e., coastal areas, lake areas, around refuse dumps, etc. Although turning…

  • Chapter 4. Air Traffic Control › Section 4. ATC Clearances and Aircraft Separation › 4-4-15. Use of Visual Clearing Procedures and Scanning Techniques

    Prevailing weather conditions including reduced visibility and the position of the sun. (d) The attitude of the aircraft will create additional blind spots. (e) The physical limitations of the human eye, including the time required to (re)focus on near…

  • Chapter 14: Airport Operations › Collision Avoidance › Scanning Techniques for Traffic Avoidance

    high-wing and low-wing aircraft in addition to windshield posts and sun visors. Prevailing weather conditions including reduced visibility and the position of the sun. • The attitude of the aircraft will create additional blind spots. • The physical limitations…