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  • Chapter 3: Identifying Hazards & Associated Risks › Leading Accident Causes › Identifying Hazards

    Identifying Hazards There are several ways pilots can detect hazards. Pilots should use combinations of methods to detect hazards, including the following: • Visual Observation–A pilot’s observations provide a primary means to identify hazards. For example, a pilot ... terrain can maneuver to avoid it. • Preflight Planning–Many hazards can be detected through preflight planning. Weather briefings identify hazards. Aircraft performance calculations, preflight inspections, and other routine procedures may identify hazards. • On-board Equipment–The availability of lower-cost…

  • Chapter 3: Identifying Hazards & Associated Risks › Using the PAVE Checklist to Identify Hazards › Pilot Hazards

    Using the PAVE Checklist to Identify Hazards As described in Chapter 1, the PAVE checklist provides a means to identify hazards using four convenient hazard “buckets.” Using all four checklist categories before a flight captures most hazards normally encountered. This…

  • Chapter 2: Aeronautical Decision-Making › The Decision-Making Process › Identify (Solutions)

    Choose (a Course of Action) After the problem has been identified and its impact estimated, the pilot must determine the desirable outcome and choose a course of action. In the case of the multiengine pilot given the simulated failed engine ... desired objective is to safely land the airplane. Identify (Solutions) The pilot formulates a plan that will take him or her to the objective. Sometimes, there may be only one course of action available. In the case of the engine…

  • Chapter 3: Identifying Hazards & Associated Risks › Leading Accident Causes

    accidents include loss of control in-flight (LOC-I), controlled flight into terrain (CFIT), system component failure of the powerplant (SCF-PP), and fuel-related issues. These causes often signify the final result of a chain of events. However ... flight at high density altitude, flight in mountainous terrain, or intentionally flying too low. 11808 3. System Component Failure Powerplant (SCF-PP)–This category includes a variety of hazards, some which the pilot or operator may not easily identify…

  • Chapter 2: Aeronautical Decision-Making › The Decision-Making Process › PAVE Checklist: Identify Hazards and Personal Minimums

    PAVE Checklist: Identify Hazards and Personal Minimums In the first step, the goal is to develop situational awareness by perceiving hazards, which are present events, objects, or circumstances that could contribute to an undesired future event. In this step ... pilot will systematically identify and Uses experience and brainstorming to identify hazards, assess risks, and develop controls for planning operations, review of standard operating or training procedures, etc. Figure 2-10. Risk management processing can take place…

  • Chapter 7: Aircraft Systems › Flameout › Performance Comparison

    purposes only and is not for specific models of engines. The following are the four types of engines: • Reciprocating powerplant • Turbine, propeller combination (turboprop) • Turbine engine incorporating a fan (turbofan) • Turbojet (pure jet) By plotting the performance curve for each ... means of comparison, numerical values for net thrust, aircraft speed, and drag are not included. Comparison of the four powerplants on the basis of net thrust makes certain performance capabilities evident. In the speed range shown to the left…