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  • Chapter 16: Navigation › Pilotage

    sectional chart on one side and a world aeronautical chart on the other. [Figure 16-18] Pilotage Pilotage is navigation by reference to landmarks or checkpoints. It is a method of navigation that can be used on any course that…

  • Glossary › Pilot’s Operating Handbook/Airplane Flight Manual

    pilot often corrects for phugoid oscillations without even being aware of them. PIC. See pilot in command. Pilotage. Navigation by visual reference to landmarks. Pilot in command (PIC). The pilot responsible for the operation and safety of an aircraft. Pilot…

  • Chapter 16: Navigation

    flight rules (VFR). It contains practical information for planning and executing cross-country flights for the beginning pilot. Air navigation is the process of piloting an aircraft from one geographic position to another while monitoring one’s position ... obtaining pertinent weather information, and computing flight time, headings, and fuel requirements. The methods used in this chapter include pilotage—navigating by reference to visible landmarks, dead reckoning—computations of direction and distance from a known position, and radio navigation…

  • Chapter 16: Navigation › RAIM Capability › Tips for Using GPS for VFR Operations

    suspicious of a GPS displayed position when any disagreement exists with the position derived from other radio navigation systems, pilotage, or dead reckoning. Check the currency of the database, if any. If expired, update the database using the current revision ... update of an expired database is not possible, disregard any moving map display of airspace for critical navigation decisions. Be aware that named waypoints may no longer exist or may have been relocated since the database expired. At a minimum…

  • Chapter 1. Air Navigation › Section 1. Navigation Aids › 1-1-17. Global Positioning System (GPS)

    ensure that system capabilities are not exceeded. VFR pilots should integrate GPS navigation with electronic navigation (when possible), as well as pilotage and dead reckoning. (b) GPS receivers used for VFR navigation vary from fully integrated IFR/VFR installation used…

  • 14 CFR § 121.347 Communication and navigation equipment for operations under VFR over routes navigated by pilotage.

    Communication and navigation equipment for operations under VFR over routes navigated by pilotage. (a) No person may operate an airplane under VFR over routes that can be navigated by pilotage unless the airplane is equipped with the radio communication equipment ... this section. (b) No person may operate an airplane at night under VFR over routes that can be navigated by pilotage unless that airplane is equipped with— (1) Radio communication equipment necessary under normal operating conditions to fulfill the functions…