FH.II.B.S1

From the FAA library

• Aeronautical Information Manualp. 4-4-12
  Chapter 4. Air Traffic Control › Section 4. ATC Clearances and Aircraft Separation › 4-4-15. Use of Visual Clearing Procedures and Scanning Techniques

  use timesharing techniques to effectively scan the surrounding airspace while monitoring instruments as well. d. Since the eye can focus only on a narrow viewing area, effective scanning is accomplished with a series of short, regularly spaced eye movements that ... pilots seem to prefer the method of horizontal back-and-forth scanning every pilot should develop a scanning pattern that is not only comfortable but assures optimum effectiveness. Pilots should remember, however, that they have a regulatory responsibility…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 12-9
  Chapter 12: Night Operations › Night Flight › Collision Avoidance at Night

  previously in this chapter, effective scanning is accomplished with a series of short, regularly spaced eye movements that bring successive areas of the sky into the central visual field. Contrary to the 30-degree scan used to view the ground…

• Aeronautical Information Manualp. 8-1-8
  Chapter 8. Medical Facts for Pilots › Section 1. Fitness for Flight › 8-1-6. Vision in Flight

  with the time spent looking outside the cockpit. Thus, one must use timesharing techniques to efficiently scan the surrounding airspace while monitoring instruments as well. 2. While the eyes can observe an approximate 200 degree arc of the horizon ... were outside of foveal vision. Because the eyes can focus only on this narrow viewing area, effective scanning is accomplished with a series of short, regularly spaced eye movements that bring successive areas of the sky into the central visual…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 1-11
  Chapter 1: Introduction to Flight Training › Safety Considerations › Collision Avoidance

  fatigue, boredom, illness, anxiety, or preoccupation. Effective scanning is accomplished with a series of short, regularly-spaced eye movements that bring successive areas of the sky into the central visual field. Each movement should not exceed 10 degrees, and each ... horizontal back-and-forth eye movements seem preferred by most pilots, each pilot should develop a scanning pattern that is comfortable and adhere to it to assure optimum scanning. Peripheral vision can be most useful in spotting collision threats from…