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  • Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight › Aircraft Design Characteristics › Longitudinal Stability (Pitching)

    aircraft’s response to the pilot’s control application when maneuvering the aircraft, regardless of its stability characteristics. Longitudinal Stability (Pitching) In designing an aircraft, a great deal of effort is spent in developing the desired degree of stability around ... three axes. But longitudinal stability about the lateral axis is considered to be the most affected by certain variables in various flight conditions. Longitudinal stability is the quality that makes an aircraft stable about its lateral axis. It involves…

  • Chapter 10: Weight and Balance › Balance, Stability, and Center of Gravity

    Conversely, if the CG is displaced too far aft on the longitudinal axis, a tail heavy condition results. It is possible that the pilot could not control the aircraft if the CG location produced an unstable condition. [Figure ... Location of the CG with reference to the lateral axis is also important. For each item of weight existing to the left of the fuselage centerline, there is an equal weight existing at a corresponding location on the right. This…

  • Chapter 5: The Teaching Process › Training Delivery Methods › Discussion Method

    instructor who introduces some form of active learner participation in the middle of a lecture greatly increases retention. Discussion Method The discussion method modifies the pure lecture form by using lecture and then discussion to actively integrate the learner into ... process. In the discussion method, the instructor provides a short lecture, which gives basic knowledge to the learners. This short lecture is followed by instructor-learner and learner- learner discussion. This method relies on discussion and the exchange of ideas…

  • Chapter 6: Weight and Balance › Balance › Lateral Balance

    Lateral Balance For smaller helicopters, it is generally unnecessary to determine the lateral CG for normal flight instruction and passenger flights. This is because helicopter cabins are relatively narrow and most optional equipment is located near the centerline. However, some ... which a pilot must conduct solo flight. In addition, if there is an unusual situation that could affect the lateral CG, such as a heavy pilot and a full load of fuel on one side of the helicopter, its position…

  • Chapter 9: Techniques of Flight Instruction › Demonstration-Performance Training Delivery Method › Explanation Phase

    Demonstration-Performance Training Delivery Method The demonstration-performance training delivery method was discussed briefly in Chapter 5, The Teaching Process, but the following in-depth discussion is geared to the flight instructor. This training method has been ... effective in teaching kinesthetic skills so flight instructors find it valuable in teaching procedures and maneuvers. The demonstration-performance method is divided into four phases: explanation, demonstration, learner performance with instructor supervision, and evaluation. [Figure 9-6] Explanation Phase…

  • Chapter 6, Section II: Airplane Attitude Instrument Flying › Learning Methods › Control and Performance Method

    Learning Methods There are two basic methods utilized for learning attitude instrument flying. They are “control and performance” and “primary and supporting.” These methods rely on the same flight instruments and require the pilot to make the same adjustments ... flight and power controls to control aircraft attitude. The main difference between the two methods is the importance that is placed on the attitude indicator and the interpretation of the other flight instruments. Figure 6-22. Multifunction display (MFD). Figure…