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  • Chapter 16: Navigation › Distance D = GS X T › Fuel Consumption

    preflight planning. When planning a flight, you must determine how much fuel is needed to reach your destination by calculating the distance the aircraft can travel (with winds considered) at a known rate of fuel consumption (gal/hr or lbs/hr ... determines the time the flight will take. The amount of fuel needed for a given flight can be calculated by multiplying the estimated flight time by the rate of consumption. For example, a flight of 400 NM at 100 knots…

  • Chapter 1. Air Navigation › Section 1. Navigation Aids › 1-1-17. Global Positioning System (GPS)

    charts, and Standard Instrument Departure/Standard Terminal Arrival (SID/STAR) charts. These differences are due to the magnetic variance used to calculate the magnetic course. Every leg of an instrument procedure is first computed along a desired ground track with reference ... true north. A magnetic variation correction is then applied to the true course in order to calculate a magnetic course for publication. The type of procedure will determine what magnetic variation value is added to the true course. A ground…

  • Chapter 10: Weight and Balance › Determining Loaded Weight and CG › Weight Addition or Removal

    exactly the aft limit. Solution: A simpler solution may be obtained by using a computer or calculator and a proportional formula. This can be done because the CG will shift a distance that is proportional to the distance the weight ... aircraft will be changed by the addition or removal of weight. When this happens, a new CG must be calculated and checked against the limitations to see if the location is acceptable. This type of weight and balance problem…

  • Chapter 7. Safety of Flight › Section 2. Barometric Altimeter Errors and Setting Procedures › 7-3-6. Examples for Calculating Altitude Corrections on CTAs

    will be set to the current airport temperature (-12°C) and activated prior to passing the IAF. A manual calculation of the cold temperature altitude correction is required for the MDA/DA. 1. Individual Segments Method: Missoula requires correction ... intermediate and final segments. However, in this example, the missed approach is also shown. (a) Manual Calculation: Use the appropriate steps in the All Segments Method above to apply a correction to the required segment. (1) Intermediate. Use steps…

  • Chapter 7. Safety of Flight › Section 2. Barometric Altimeter Errors and Setting Procedures › 7-3-5. Cold Temperature Airport Procedures

    Pilots that have a system unable to calculate a temperature corrected DA or MDA will manually calculate an altitude correction for the MDA or DA. NOTE-Some systems apply temperature compensation only to those altitudes associated with an instrument approach ... system is not used to make the correction. Use TBL 7-3-1, ICAO Cold Temperature Error Table, to calculate the correction needed for the approach segment…

  • Chapter 4: Aircraft Metal Structural Repair › Basic Principles of Sheet Metal Repair › Flutter & Vibration Precautions

    percent of the number shown may be used. a. The load per inch of width of material was calculated by assuming a strip 1 inch wide in tension. b. Number of rivets required was calculated for 2117–T4 (AD) rivets ... critical in shearing of the rivets. d. The number of AN–3 bolts required below the underlined number was calculated based on a sheet allowable tensile Figure 4-169. Rivet calculation table…