FH.III.C.K3c
KnowledgeMeteorology applicable to the departure, en route, alternate, and destination under visual flight rules (VFR) in Visual Meteorological Conditions (VMC), including expected climate and hazardous conditions such as:
Temperature, heat exchange, and temperature inversion
From the FAA library
- 3 Overview of Aviation Weather Information › 3.4.2 Summaries of Specific Weather Information Contained in Various Weather Products › 3.4.2.22 Products with Temperature Information
Products with Temperature Information Table 3-25. Weather Element: Temperature Type: text (T), graphic (G), image (I), voice (V) PIREP/AIREP T, G, V Temperature aloft is included if reported. Upper Air Analysis T, G At select pressure levels, the wind ... direction and speed are displayed in tens of degrees and wind speed is in knots. Temperatures aloft can be indicated with limitations. Depicts the freezing level at the lowest altitude in the atmosphere over a given location at which…
- 5 Heat and Temperature › 5.1 Introduction
Atmosphere Property Metric Units English Units Sea level pressure 1013.25 hectopascals (hPa) 29.92 inches of mercury (inHg) Sea level temperature 15 °C Lapse rate of temperature in the troposphere Pressure altitude of the tropopause 11,000 m Temperature ... tropopause -56.5 °C Note: 1 hectopascal = 1 millibar. Figure 4-2. U.S. Standard Atmosphere Within the Troposphere 5 Heat and Temperature 5.1 Introduction Temperature is one of the most basic variables used to describe the state of the atmosphere…
- 6 Water Vapor › 6.7 Change of Phase › 6.7.1 Latent Heat
During evaporation, water absorbs 2,501 J/g due to the latent heat of vaporization. Condensation, the reverse process, releases 2,501 J/g back to the environment. Sublimation is the phase transition by which a solid is changed to a vapor ... During sublimation, water absorbs 2,834 J/g due to the latent heat of sublimation. Deposition, the reverse process, releases 2,834 J/g back to the environment. Table 6-1 lists the latent heat exchanges of water. Table 6-1. Latent…
- Chapter 7. Safety of Flight › Section 2. Barometric Altimeter Errors and Setting Procedures › 7-3-3. Effects of Cold Temperature on Baro-Vertical Navigation (VNAV) Vertical Guidance
Flight Planning for Cold Temperature Altimeter Errors Flight planning into a CTA may be accomplished prior to flight. Use the predicted coldest temperature for plus or minus 1 hour of the estimated time of arrival and compare against ... published temperature. If the predicted temperature is at or below CTA temperature, calculate an altitude correction using TBL 7-3-1. This correction may be used at the CTA if the actual arrival temperature is the same as the temperature…
- Chapter 9: Techniques of Flight Instruction › Positive Exchange of Flight Controls › Background
Positive Exchange of Flight Controls Positive exchange of flight controls is an integral part of flight training. It is especially critical during the demonstration-performance method of flight instruction. Due to the importance of this subject, the following discussion provides ... guidance on the recommended procedure to use for the positive exchange of flight controls between pilots when operating an aircraft. Background Incident/accident statistics indicate a need to place additional emphasis on the exchange of control of an aircraft by pilots…
- Chapter 7. Safety of Flight › Section 2. Barometric Altimeter Errors and Setting Procedures › 7-3-1. Effect of Cold Temperature on Barometric Altimeters
Section 3. Cold Temperature Barometric Altimeter Errors, Setting Procedures and Cold Temperature Airports (CTA) 7-3-1. Effect of Cold Temperature on Barometric Altimeters a. Temperature has an effect on the accuracy of barometric altimeters, indicated altitude, and true altitude ... standard temperature at sea level is 15 degrees Celsius (59 degrees Fahrenheit). The temperature gradient from sea level is minus 2 degrees Celsius (3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) per 1,000 feet. For example, at 5000 feet above sea level, the ambient…