FH.IX.A.K1
KnowledgeBasic elements of the aircraft and aerodynamics that affect the ability to maintain straight-and-level flight.
From the FAA library
- Chapter 11: Aircraft Performance › Performance › Straight-and-Level Flight
Straight-and-Level Flight All of the principal components of flight performance involve steady-state flight conditions and equilibrium of the aircraft. For the aircraft to remain in steady, level flight, equilibrium must be obtained by a lift equal ... aircraft weight and a powerplant thrust equal to the aircraft drag. Thus, the aircraft drag defines the thrust required to maintain steady, level flight. As presented in Chapter 4, Aerodynamics of Flight, all parts of an aircraft contribute…
- Chapter 6: Flight Controls › Flight Control Systems › Primary Flight Controls
Flight Control Systems Flight Controls Aircraft flight control systems consist of primary and secondary systems. The ailerons, elevator (or stabilator), and rudder constitute the primary control system and are required to control an aircraft safely during flight. Wing flaps, leading ... control system and improve the performance characteristics of the airplane or relieve the pilot of excessive control forces. Primary Flight Controls Aircraft control systems are carefully designed to provide adequate responsiveness to control inputs while allowing a natural feel…
- Chapter 9: Basic Flight Maneuvers › Straight-and-Level Flight › Technique
decrease airspeed, apply rearward pressure on the cyclic and lower the collective, as necessary, to maintain altitude. Figure 9-1. Maintain straight-and-level flight by adjusting the rotor tip-path plane forward but adjusting the collective as necessary ... maintain a constant airspeed and altitude. The natural horizon line can be used as an aid in maintaining straight-and-level flight. If the horizon line begins to rise, slight power may be required or the nose of the helicopter…
- Chapter 6: Flight Controls
Chapter Summary In order to sustain an aircraft in flight, a pilot must understand how thrust, drag, lift, and weight act on the aircraft. By understanding the aerodynamics of flight, how design, weight, load factors, and gravity affect an aircraft ... during flight maneuvers from stalls to high speed flight, the pilot learns how to control the balance between these forces. For information on stall speeds, load factors, and other important aircraft data, always consult the AFM/POH for specific information pertaining…
- Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight › Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers › Forces in Descents
climb. For example, a 10° climb would require thrust to equal drag plus 17 percent of weight. To climb straight up would require thrust to equal all of weight and drag. Therefore, the angle of climb for climb performance ... dependent on the amount of excess thrust available to overcome a portion of weight. Note that aircraft are able to sustain a climb due to excess thrust. When the excess thrust is gone, the aircraft is no longer able…
- Chapter 7, Section II: Airplane Basic Flight Maneuvers › Straight-and-Level Flight › Airspeed Changes in Straight-and-Level Flight
Airspeed Changes in Straight-and-Level Flight Practice of airspeed changes in straight-and-level flight provides an excellent means of developing increased proficiency in all three basic instrument skills and brings out some common errors to be expected during ... training in straight-and-level flight. Having learned to control the airplane in a clean configuration (minimum drag conditions), increase proficiency in cross-check and control by practicing speed changes while extending or retracting the flaps and landing gear. While…