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  • Chapter 4. Air Traffic Control › Section 2. Radio Communications Phraseology and Techniques › 4-2-1. General

    Weather Systems Processor (WSP) was developed for use in the National Airspace System to provide weather processor enhancements to selected Airport Surveillance Radar (ASR)-9 facilities. The WSP provides Air Traffic with warnings of hazardous wind shear and microbursts ... across. Pilots are to maintain vigilance in monitoring air traffic control radio communications frequencies for potential traffic conflicts with their aircraft especially when operating on an active runway and/or when conducting a final approach to landing…

  • Chapter 4. Air Traffic Control › Section 1. Services Available to Pilots › 4-1-9. Traffic Advisory Practices at Airports Without Operating Control Towers

    There are two advisory type services provided at selected airports. (a) Local Airport Advisory (LAA) is available only in Alaska and provided at airports that have a FSS physically located on the airport, which does not have a control tower ... weather, and request airport advisory or information service. Also, report intentions before taxiing onto the active runway for departure. If you must change frequencies for other service after initial report to FSS, return to FSS frequency for traffic update…

  • Chapter 4. Air Traffic Control › Section 3. Airport Operations › 4-3-14. Communications

    takeoff when they reach the runway or warm-up block unless advised otherwise. c. The majority of ground control frequencies are in the 121.6-121.9 MHz bandwidth. Ground control frequencies are provided to eliminate frequency congestion on the tower (local ... control) frequency and are limited to communications between the tower and aircraft on the ground and between the tower and utility vehicles on the airport, provide a clear VHF channel for arriving and departing aircraft. They are used for issuance…

  • Chapter 4. Air Traffic Control › Section 1. Services Available to Pilots › 4-1-11. Designated UNICOM/MULTICOM Frequencies

    MULTICOM FREQUENCY) Forestry management and fire suppression, fish and game management and protection, and environmental monitoring and protection. NOTE-1. In some areas of the country, frequency interference may be encountered from nearby airports using the same UNICOM frequency. Where ... there is a problem, UNICOM operators are encouraged to develop a “least interference” frequency assignment plan for airports concerned using the frequencies designated for airports without operating control towers. UNICOM licensees are encouraged to apply for UNICOM 25 kHz spaced…

  • Chapter 2: The Air Traffic Control System › Communication Equipment › Radar and Transponders

    capability, this unit can determine when a flight crosses an airspace boundary or fix and can automatically select the appropriate communications frequency for that location in the communications radio. Figure 2-4. Combination GPS-com unit. Radar and Transponders ... controller’s scope is intensified for precise identification of a flight. When requested, briefly push the ident button to activate this feature. It is good practice for pilots to verbally confirm that they have changed codes or pushed the ident…

  • Chapter 9: Aircraft Electrical System › Aircraft Batteries › AC Alternators Control Systems

    turn the AC alternator on or off. When the pilot selects the operation of an AC alternator, the GCU monitors the alternator’s output to ensure voltage and frequency are within limits. If the GCU is satisfied with the alternator ... output, the GCU sends a signal to an electrical contactor that connects the alternator to the appropriate AC distribution bus. The contactor, often call the generator breaker, is basically an electromagnetic solenoid that controls a set of large contact points…