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  • Chapter 12: Night Operations › Night Flight

    when flying at night depend on outside conditions. Flying on a bright, clear, moonlit evening when the visibility is good, and the wind is calm is not much different from flying during the day. However, if flying ... event of an emergency, as it is more difficult to find a place to land and determine wind direction and speed. At night, rely more heavily on the aircraft systems, such as lights, flight instruments, and navigation equipment…

  • Glossary › Pilot’s Operating Handbook/Airplane Flight Manual

    system (DGPS) that improves the accuracy of the system by determining position error from the GPS satellites, then transmitting the error, or corrective factors, to the airborne GPS receiver. Wind correction angle (WCA). The angle between the desired track ... keep the aircraft tracking over the desired track. Wind direction indicators. Indicators that include a wind sock, wind tee, or tetrahedron. Visual reference will determine wind direction and runway in use. Zone of confusion…

  • Chapter 13: Effective Aeronautical Decision-Making › Single-Pilot Resource Management

    access to a current wind report, should that pilot pick an approach path based on the direction of wind information received from an earlier weather brief? Making an approach into a confined area with a tailwind ... resources such a smoke, trees, and water on a pond to help him or her accurately determine which direction the winds are coming from. Pilots should never leave flying up to chance and hope for the best. Many…

  • Chapter 7: Helicopter Performance › Sample Hover Problem 3 › Climb Performance

    Sample Hover Problem 3 Using Figure 7-6, determine what torque is required to hover. Use the following conditions: First, enter the chart at 9,500 feet pressure altitude, then move right to outside air temperature, 0 °C. From that ... available. If there is a surplus of power available, the helicopter can climb vertically, so VX is zero. Wind direction and speed have an effect on climb performance, but it is often misunderstood. Airspeed is the speed…

  • Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight › Stalls

    very high. Since the flight path of the aircraft in relation to the oncoming air determines the direction of the relative wind, the AOA is suddenly increased, and the aircraft would reach the stalling angle at a speed…

  • Glossary › Numbers and Symbols

    heading so that track will coincide with course. Wind direction indicators. Indicators that include a wind sock, wind tee, or tetrahedron. Visual reference will determine wind direction and runway in use. Wind shear…