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  • Chapter 11: Helicopter Emergencies and Hazards › Autorotation

    Following this general procedure of fitting airspeed and rotor rpm to existing conditions, a pilot can achieve approximately the same glide angle in any set of circumstances, and thereby estimate the touchdown point accurately. Figure 11-1. During an autorotation ... upward flow of relative wind permits the main rotor blades to rotate at their normal speed. In effect, the blades are “gliding” in their rotational plane. It is important that pilots experience autorotations from various airspeeds. This provides better understanding…

  • Chapter 11: Helicopter Emergencies and Hazards › Autorotation › RPM Control

    RPM Control Rotor rpm in low inertia rotor systems has been studied in simulator flight evaluations which indicate that the simultaneous application of aft cyclic, down collective, and alignment with the relative wind (trim) at a wide range of airspeeds ... vary with specific makes and/or models of helicopters. A basic discussion of the aerodynamics and control inputs for single rotor systems is in order here. Helicopter pilots must understand the use of the collective for rotor rpm control during power…

  • Chapter 11: Helicopter Emergencies and Hazards › Recovery Technique (Uncontrolled Right Yaw) › Governor or Fuel Control Failure

    Governor or Fuel Control Failure Governors and fuel control units automatically adjust engine power to maintain rotor rpm when the collective pitch is changed. If the governor or fuel control unit fails, any change in collective pitch requires manual adjustment ... throttle to maintain correct rpm. In the event of a high side failure, the engine and rotor rpm tend to increase above the normal range due to the engine being commanded to put out too much power. If the rpm…

  • Chapter 5: Rotorcraft Flight Manual › Operating Limitations (Section 2) › Powerplant Limitations

    Powerplant Limitations The powerplant limitations area describes operating limitations on the helicopter’s engine including such items as rpm range, power limitations, operating temperatures, and fuel and oil requirements. Most turbine engines and some reciprocating engines have a maximum power ... maximum continuous power rating. The “maximum power” rating is the maximum power the engine can generate and is usually limited by time. The maximum power range is depicted by a yellow arc on the engine power instruments, with…

  • Chapter 9: Basic Flight Maneuvers › Normal Takeoff from a Hover › Technique

    Normal Takeoff from a Hover A normal takeoff from a hover is an orderly transition to forward flight and is executed to increase altitude safely and expeditiously. Before initiating a takeoff, the pilot should ensure that the proper checklist ... been completed and the helicopter systems are within normal limits. During the takeoff, fly a profile that avoids the cross-hatched or shaded areas of the height/velocity diagram. Technique Refer to Figure 9-12 (position 1). Bring the helicopter…