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  • Chapter 13: Effective Aeronautical Decision-Making › Risk Management › Using the 3P Model to Form Good Safety Habits

    approach path that will serve as go/no-go points should the pilot feel any assessed parameter is being exceeded. Wind direction and velocity are assessed as a medium risk because (for this scenario) the direction of the wind is slightly offset ... crosswind with a steady 10-knot wind. The pilot also takes into consideration that, due to the terrain, the wind direction and velocity may change during the approach. The pilot’s experience and awareness of the complexity of mountain flow…

  • Chapter 14: Airport Operations › Wind Direction Indicators

    Wind Direction Indicators It is important for a pilot to know the direction of the wind. At facilities with an operating control tower, this information is provided by ATC. Information may also be provided by FSS personnel either located ... receive and broadcast on this frequency. When none of these services is available, it is possible to determine wind direction and runway in use by visual wind indicators. A pilot should check these wind indicators even when information is provided…

  • Glossary › Pilot’s Operating Handbook/Airplane Flight Manual

    desired track and the heading of the aircraft necessary to keep the aircraft tracking over the desired track. Wind direction indicators. Indicators that include a wind sock, wind tee, or tetrahedron. Visual reference will determine wind direction and runway ... lack of adequate navigation signal directly above the VOR station causes the needle to deviate. Wind shear. A sudden, drastic shift in windspeed, direction, or both that may occur in the horizontal or vertical plane. Zulu time. A term used…

  • Chapter 7: Helicopter Performance › Factors Affecting Performance › Winds

    Winds Wind direction and velocity also affect hovering, takeoff, and climb performance. Translational lift occurs any time there is relative airflow over the rotor disk. This occurs whether the relative airflow is caused by helicopter movement or by the wind ... Assuming a headwind, as wind speed increases, translational lift increases, resulting in less power required to hover. The wind direction is also an important consideration. Headwinds are the most desirable as they contribute to the greatest increase in performance. Strong…

  • Chapter 10: Advanced Flight Maneuvers › Maximum Performance Takeoff

    obstructions on the departure path and can significantly affect aircraft performance. There are several ways to check the wind direction before taking off. One technique is to watch the tops of the trees; another is to look for any smoke ... there is a body of water in the area, look to see which way the water is rippling. If wind direction is still in question revert to the last report that was received by either the Automatic Terminal Information Service…

  • Chapter 11: Aircraft Performance › Performance Charts › Sample Problem 10

    AFM/POH. The crosswind and headwind component chart allows for figuring the headwind and crosswind component for any given wind direction and velocity. Sample Problem 10 Refer to Figure 11-31 to solve this problem. First, determine how many degrees difference ... there is between the runway and the wind direction. It is known that runway 17 means a direction of 170°; from that subtract the wind direction of 140°. This gives a 30° angular difference or wind angle. Next, locate…