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  • Chapter 8: Aviation Instructor Responsibilities and Professionalism › Flight Instructor Responsibilities › Ensuring Learner Skill Set

    item included in the applicable ACS/ PTS. The ACS integrates risk management and safety throughout and with supplementary appendix information. PTS lists special emphasis items. Some common items include: 1. Positive aircraft control 2. Procedures for positive ... exchange of flight controls 3. Stall and spin awareness 4. Collision avoidance 5. Wake turbulence and low-level wind turbulence and wind shear avoidance 6. Runway incursion avoidance 7. Controlled flight into terrain (CFIT) 8. Aeronautical decision-making (ADM)/risk…

  • Chapter 14: Airport Operations › En Route › Vortex Avoidance Procedures

    Vortex Avoidance Procedures The following procedures are in place to assist pilots in vortex avoidance in the given scenario. • Landing behind a larger aircraft on the same runway— stay at or above the larger aircraft’s approach flight path ... land beyond its touchdown point. [Figure 14-47A] • Landing behind a larger aircraft on a parallel runway closer than 2,500 feet—consider the possibility of drift and stay at or above the larger aircraft’s final approach flight…

  • Chapter 11: Aircraft Performance › Takeoff and Landing Performance › Runway Surface and Gradient

    Ensure that runways are adequate in length for takeoff acceleration and landing deceleration when less than ideal surface conditions are being reported. Figure 11-15. Takeoff distance chart. The gradient or slope of the runway is the amount of change ... runway height over the length of the runway. The gradient is expressed as a percentage, such as a 3 percent gradient. This means that for every 100 feet of runway length, the runway height changes by 3 feet. A positive…

  • Chapter 14: Airport Operations › Collision Avoidance › Runway Incursion Avoidance

    ground operations. Pilot deviations can and frequently do occur on the ground. Many strategies and tactics pilots use to avoid airborne deviations also work on the ground. Pilots should also remain vigilant about vehicle/pedestrian deviations (V/PDs). A vehicle or pedestrian ... deviation includes pedestrians, vehicles or other objects interfering with aircraft operations by entering or moving on the runway movement area without authorization from air traffic control. In serious instances, any ground deviation (PD or VPD) can result in a runway…

  • 14 CFR Part 141, Appendix J to Part 141—Aircraft Type Rating Course, For Other Than an Airline Transport Pilot Certificate

    Airline Transport Pilot Certificate (1) A type rating for an airplane—single-engine course: (i) Preflight preparation; (ii) Preflight procedures; (iii) Takeoff and departure phase; (iv) In-flight maneuvers; (v) Instrument procedures; (vi) Landings and approaches to landings; (vii) Normal ... abnormal procedures; (viii) Emergency procedures; and (ix) Postflight procedures. (2) A type rating for an airplane—multiengine course: (i) Preflight preparation; (ii) Preflight procedures; (iii) Takeoff and departure phase; (iv) In-flight maneuvers; (v) Instrument procedures; (vi) Landings and approaches…

  • Chapter 10: IFR Flight › Approach to an Airport With an Operating Tower, With an Approach Control › Approaches to Parallel Runways

    Approaches to Parallel Runways Procedures permit ILS instrument approach operations to dual or triple parallel runway configurations. A parallel approach is an ATC procedure that permits parallel ILS approach to airports with parallel runways separated by at least ... feet between centerlines. Wherever parallel approaches are in progress, pilots are informed that approaches to both runways are in use. Simultaneous approaches are permitted to runways: 1. With centerlines separated by 4,300 to 9,000 feet; 2. Equipped with…