FH.XII.A.R2

From the FAA library

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 2-23
  Chapter 2: Aerodynamics of Flight › Translational Thrust › Transverse Flow Effect

  Transverse Flow Effect As the helicopter accelerates in forward flight, induced flow drops to near zero at the forward disk area and increases at the aft disk area. These differences in lift between the fore and aft portions ... rotor disk are called transverse flow effect. [Figure 2-41] This increases the AOA at the front disk area causing the rotor blade to flap up and reduces AOA at the aft disk area causing the rotor blade to flap…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 5-11
  Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight › Ground Effect

  Figure 5-16. Ground effect changes airflow. Ground effect also alters the thrust required versus velocity. Since induced drag predominates at low speeds, the reduction of induced drag due to ground effect will cause a significant reduction of thrust required ... wingtip vortices, there may be a change in position (installation) error of the airspeed system associated with ground effect. In the majority of cases, ground effect causes an increase in the local pressure at the static source and produces…

• Aviation Instructor's Handbookp. 4-4
  Chapter 4: Effective Communication › Barriers to Effective Communication › Lack of Common Experience

  Lack of common experience between the communicator (instructor) and the receiver (learner) is probably the greatest single barrier to effective communication. Communication can be effective only to the extent that the experiences (physical, mental, and emotional) of the participants ... stimuli used to arouse a response in the learner. Figure 4-3. Misunderstandings stem primarily from four barriers to effective communication. The learner’s past experience with the words and things to which they refer determines how the learner responds…

• Aviation Instructor's Handbookp. 4-6
  Chapter 4: Effective Communication › Barriers to Effective Communication › Overuse of Abstractions

  better defines and gains control of images produced in the minds of the learners. External Factors Some barriers to effective communication can be controlled by the instructor. Others are external factors outside of the instructor’s control that prevent ... process or activity from being carried out properly. These factors may include physiological, environmental, and psychological elements. To communicate effectively, the instructor should consider the effects of these factors and mitigate them where possible…

• Aviation Instructor's Handbookp. 4-10
  Chapter 4: Effective Communication › Developing Communication Skills › Instructional Enhancement

  important that the instructor understand as much as possible about the learners, instructors can be much more effective by using improved listening skills and effective questions to help in putting themselves in the place of the learners. Questions should ... communication are necessary to be an instructor. Increasing the depth of knowledge in either area makes the instructor more effective. Instructional Enhancement An instructor never stops learning. While professional development is discussed in greater detail in Chapter 8, the more…

• Pilot Guide: Flight in Icing Conditionsp. 22
  Chapter 3. ICING EFFECTS, PROTECTION, AND DETECTION › 3-6. EFFECTS OF ICING ON ROLL CONTROL › b. Airflow

  EFFECTS OF ICING ON ROLL CONTROL a. Ailerons. This paragraph is in effect a continuation of the previous one, since ice on the wings forward of the ailerons can affect roll control. The ailerons are generally close ... control force. Provided the pilot is able to adjust for the unusual forces, the ailerons may still be substantially effective when they are deflected. The other is that ailerons may be affected in a substantial degradation in control effectiveness, although…