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IH.I.B.K3g

Knowledge

Meteorology applicable to the departure, en route, alternate, and destination for flights conducted under Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) to include expected climate and hazardous conditions such as:

Turbulence

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From the FAA library

  • 3 Overview of Aviation Weather Information › 3.4.2 Summaries of Specific Weather Information Contained in Various Weather Products › 3.4.2.9 Products with Turbulence Information

    Products with Turbulence Information Table 3-12. Weather Element: Turbulence Type: text (T), graphic (G), image (I), voice (V) Turbulence reports include location, altitude, and aircraft type. The pilot determines the degree of turbulence, intensity, and duration. Severe or extreme ... turbulence is reported as an Urgent PIREP or Special AIREP. The vast majority of AIREPs are automated and include turbulence reports derived from the aircraft’s motion. Radar I Convective weather on radar could indicate potential areas of severe turbulence…

  • Chapter 10: IFR Flight › Instrument Weather Flying › Turbulence

    that might affect a VFR flight, an IFR pilot must consider the effects of other weather phenomena (e.g., thunderstorms, turbulence, icing, and visibility). Turbulence Inflight turbulence can range from occasional light bumps to extreme airspeed and altitude variations that make ... aircraft control difficult. To reduce the risk factors associated with turbulence, pilots must learn methods of avoidance, as well as piloting techniques for dealing with an inadvertent encounter. Turbulence avoidance begins with a thorough preflight weather briefing. Many reports…

  • Chapter 13: Aviation Weather Services › ATC Radar Weather Displays

    Since the intensity level is not available, the controller states “INTENSITY UNKNOWN.” ATC radar is not able to detect turbulence. Generally, turbulence can be expected to occur as the rate of rainfall or intensity of precipitation increases. Turbulence associated with ... greater rates of precipitation is normally more severe than any associated with lesser rates of precipitation. Turbulence should be expected to occur near convective activity, even in clear air. Thunderstorms are a form of convective activity that imply severe…