IH.II.A.K1
KnowledgeThe general operational characteristics and limitations of applicable anti-icing and deicing systems, including airframe, rotor, intake, fuel, and pitot-static systems.
From the FAA library
- Chapter 5: Flight Instruments › Pitot/Static Systems › Blocked Pitot System
Blocked Pitot System If the pitot tube drain hole becomes obstructed, the pitot system can become partially or completely blocked. When dynamic pressure cannot enter the pitot tube opening, the ASI no longer operates. If the drain hole is open ... static pressure equalizes on both sides of the diaphram in the ASI and the indicated airspeed slowly drops to zero. If the pitot tube ram pressure hole and drain hole become obstructed, the ASI operates like an altimeter…
- Chapter 7: Aircraft Systems › Anti-Ice and Deice Systems › Airfoil Anti-Ice and Deice
Upon inflation, the ice is cracked and should fall off the leading edge of the wing. Deicing boots are controlled from the flight deck by a switch and can be operated in a single cycle or allowed to cycle ... Figure 7-48] In the past, it was believed that if the boots were cycled too soon after encountering ice, the ice layer would expand instead of breaking off, resulting in a condition referred to as ice “bridging.” Consequently, subsequent…
- Chapter 4: Helicopter Components, Sections, and Systems › Main Rotor System › Rigid Rotor System
Figure 4-4. Four-blade hingeless (rigid) main rotor. Rotor blades are comprised of glass fiber reinforced material. The hub is a single piece of forged rigid titanium. The rigid rotor system is very responsive and is usually not susceptible ... mast bumping like the semirigid systems because the rotor hubs are mounted solid to the main rotor mast. This allows the rotor and fuselage to move together as one entity and eliminates much of the oscillation usually present…
- Chapter 4: Helicopter Components, Sections, and Systems › Anti-Icing Systems › Deicing
Airframe Anti-Ice Airframe and rotor anti-icing may be found on some larger helicopters, but it is not common due to the complexity, expense, and weight of such systems. The leading edges of rotors may be heated with bleed ... electrical elements to prevent ice formation. Balance and control problems might arise if ice is allowed to form unevenly on the blades. Research is being done on lightweight ice-phobic (anti-icing) materials or coatings. These materials placed in strategic…
- Chapter 7: Aircraft Systems › Chapter Summary
Other Anti-Ice and Deice Systems Pitot and static ports, fuel vents, stall-warning sensors, and other optional equipment may be heated by electrical elements. Operational checks of the electrically heated systems are to be checked in accordance with ... /POH. Operation of aircraft anti-icing and deicing systems should be checked prior to encountering icing conditions. Encounters with structural ice require immediate action. Anti-icing and deicing equipment are not intended to sustain long-term flight in icing conditions…
- 14 CFR Part 91, Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 97—Special Operating Rules for the Conduct of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Area Navigation (RNAV) Operations using Global Positioning Systems
Part 91, Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 97—Special Operating Rules for the Conduct of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Area Navigation (RNAV) Operations using Global Positioning Systems (GPS) in Alaska Station referenced. Station referenced refers to radio navigational aids ... fixes that are referenced by ground based navigation facilities such as VOR facilities. Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS). WAAS is an augmentation to GPS that calculates GPS integrity and correction data on the ground and uses geo-stationary satellites…