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  • Chapter 2: Aeronautical Decision-Making › TEAM Checklist: Choose and Implement Risk Controls › The DECIDE Model

    First, adjust the power to the maximum controllable level on both engines. Because the left engine is the only engine delivering thrust, the yaw increases to the right, which necessitates application of additional left rudder application. Figure ... DECIDE model has been recognized worldwide. Its application is illustrated in column A while automatic/naturalistic decision-making is shown in column B. The failed engine is the side that requires no rudder pressure, in this case the right engine. Second…

  • Chapter 7: Aircraft Systems › Oil Systems

    Systems The engine oil system performs several important functions: • Lubrication of the engine’s moving parts • Cooling of the engine by reducing friction • Removing heat from the cylinders • Providing a seal between the cylinder walls and pistons • Carrying away contaminants ... Figure 7-17. Wet-sump oil system. Reciprocating engines use either a wet-sump or a dry-sump oil system. In a wet-sump system, the oil is located in a sump that is an integral part of the engine…

  • Chapter 11: Helicopter Emergencies and Hazards › Multiengine Emergency Operations › Single-Engine Failure

    tracking and balancing the main and tail rotor blades can also be used to detect other vibrations in the helicopter. These systems use accelerometers mounted around the helicopter to detect the direction, frequency, and intensity of the vibration. The built ... then analyze the information, pinpoint the origin of the vibration, and suggest the corrective action. The use of a system such as a health and usage monitoring system (HUMS) provides the operator the ability to record engine and transmission performance…

  • Chapter 1: Introduction to the Helicopter › Turbine Age

    years later, on March 26, 1954, a modified Navy HTK-1, another Kaman helicopter, became the first twin-turbine helicopter to fly. However, it was the Sud Aviation Alouette II that would become the first helicopter to be produced with ... turbine engine. Reliable helicopters capable of stable hover flight were developed decades after fixed-wing aircraft. This is largely due to higher engine power density requirements than fixed-wing aircraft. Improvements in fuels and engines during the first half…

  • Chapter 9: Navigation Systems › Instrument Approach Systems › Instrument Landing Systems (ILS)

    Instrument Approach Systems Most navigation systems approved for en route and terminal operations under IFR, such as VOR, NDB, and GPS, may also be approved to conduct IAPs. The most common systems in use in the United States ... simplified directional facility (SDF), localizer-type directional aid (LDA), and microwave landing system (MLS). These systems operate independently of other navigation systems. There are new systems being developed, such as WAAS and LAAS. Other systems have been developed for special…

  • Chapter 7: Aircraft Systems › Turbine Engines › Turboshaft

    Turboshaft The fourth common type of jet engine is the turboshaft. [Figure 7-26] It delivers power to a shaft that drives something other than a propeller. The biggest difference between a turbojet and turboshaft engine is that ... turboshaft engine, most of the energy produced by the expanding gases is used to drive a turbine rather than produce thrust. Many helicopters use a turboshaft gas turbine engine. In addition, turboshaft engines are widely used as auxiliary power units…