IR.I.B.K2a
KnowledgeAcceptable weather products and resources required for preflight planning, current and forecast weather for departure, en route, and arrival phases of flight such as:
Airport Observations (METAR and SPECI) and Pilot Observations (PIREP)
From the FAA library
- Chapter 13: Aviation Weather Services › Observations › Surface Aviation Weather Observations
Observations The data gathered from surface and upper altitude observations form the basis of all weather forecasts, advisories, and briefings. There are four types of weather observations: surface, upper air, radar, and satellite. Surface Aviation Weather Observations Surface aviation weather ... observations (METARs) are a compilation of elements of the current weather at individual ground stations across the United States. The network is made up of government and privately contracted facilities that provide continuous up-to-date weather information. Automated weather…
- Chapter 13: Aviation Weather Services › Aviation Weather Reports › Aviation Routine Weather Report (METAR)
current weather conditions. Each report provides current information that is updated at different times. Some typical reports are METARs and PIREPs. Aviation Routine Weather Report (METAR) A METAR is an observation of current surface weather reported in a standard international ... format. While the METAR code has been adopted worldwide, each country is allowed to make modifications to the code. Normally, these differences are minor but necessary to accommodate local procedures or particular units of measure. This discussion of METAR covers…
- Chapter 4. Air Traffic Control › Section 1. Services Available to Pilots › 4-1-9. Traffic Advisory Practices at Airports Without Operating Control Towers
Niner Delta Delta is ten miles south, two thousand, landing Vero Beach. I have the automated weather, request airport advisory. (b) Outbound EXAMPLE-Vero Beach radio, Centurion Six Niner Delta Delta, ready to taxi to runway 22, VFR, departing ... southwest. I have the automated weather, request airport advisory. 3. Airport advisory service includes wind direction and velocity, favored or designated runway, altimeter setting, known airborne and ground traffic, NOTAMs, airport taxi routes, airport traffic pattern information, and instrument approach…
- Chapter 13: Aviation Weather Services › Aviation Weather Reports › Pilot Weather Reports (PIREPs)
Pilot Weather Reports (PIREPs) PIREPs provide valuable information regarding the conditions as they actually exist in the air, which cannot be gathered from any other source. Pilots can confirm the height of bases and tops of clouds, locations of wind ... below 5,000 feet, or visibility is at or below five miles, ATC facilities are required to solicit PIREPs from pilots in the area. When unexpected weather conditions are encountered, pilots are encouraged to make a report…
- Chapter 5. Air Traffic Procedures › Section 4. Arrival Procedures › 5-4-4. Advance Information on Instrument Approach
ceiling is at or above the highest initial approach altitude established for any low altitude IAP for the airport. b. The purpose of this information is to aid the pilot in planning arrival actions; however ... clearance or commitment and is subject to change. Pilots should bear in mind that fluctuating weather, shifting winds, blocked runway, etc., are conditions which may result in changes to approach information previously received. It is important that pilots advise…
- 24 Observations › 24.2 Surface Observations › 24.4.1 Aviation Routine Weather Report (METAR)
Aviation Routine Weather Report (METAR) A METAR includes the airport identifier, time of observation, wind, visibility, Runway Visual Range (RVR), present weather phenomena, sky conditions, temperature, dewpoint, and altimeter setting. Excluding the airport identifier and the time of observation, this ... Coded and/or plain language information elaborating on data in the body may be appended to the end of the METAR as “remarks.” The contents of the remarks section vary with manual, automated, and augmented surface observations. At some designated stations…