Instrument Rating – Airplane › V. Navigation Systems › Task A. Intercepting and Tracking Navigational Systems and DME Arcs

IR.V.A.S2

Skill

Determine aircraft position relative to the navigational facility or waypoint.

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Get a short, cited explanation of this element written from the FAA handbooks: the core idea, the numbers that matter, common test traps, and a quick self-check.

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Aeronautical Information Manual p. 1-1-31
Chapter 1. Air Navigation › Section 1. Navigation Aids › 1-1-17. Global Positioning System (GPS)
adopted or recognized by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). (3) GPS approaches use fly-over and fly-by waypoints to join route segments on an approach. Fly-by waypoints connect the two segments by allowing the aircraft to turn ... prior to the current waypoint in order to roll out on course to the next waypoint. This is known as turn anticipation and is compensated for in the airspace and terrain clearances. The missed approach waypoint (MAWP) will always…
Aeronautical Information Manual p. 1-2-2
Chapter 1. Air Navigation › Section 2. Performance-Based Navigation (PBN) and Area Navigation (RNAV) › 1-2-1. General
addition, pilots should have an understanding of the various waypoint and leg types used in RNAV procedures; these are discussed in more detail below. (a) Waypoints. A waypoint is a predetermined geographical position that is defined in terms of latitude/longitude ... coordinates. Waypoints may be a simple named point in space or associated with existing navaids, intersections, or fixes. A waypoint is most often used to indicate a change in direction, speed, or altitude along the desired path. RNAV procedures make…
Instrument Procedures Handbook p. 6-4
Chapter 6: Airborne Navigation Databases › Fix Records
Navigational aids (NAVAIDs), waypoints, intersections, and airports are all examples of this type of record. These records can be used directly by avionics systems and can be included as parts of more complex records like airways or approaches. Another concept ... flown using data pertaining to the particular IAP obtained from an onboard database to include the sequence of all waypoints used for the approach and missed approach, except that step down waypoints may not be included in some TSO-C129…
Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge p. 16-28
Chapter 16: Navigation › Angle of Intercept › VOR/DME RNAV
also displays distance to the waypoint. Many units have the capability to store several waypoints, allowing them to be programmed prior to flight, if desired, and called up in flight. RNAV waypoints are entered into the unit in magnetic bearings ... radials) of degrees and tenths (i.e., 275.5°) and distances in NM and tenths (i.e., 25.2 NM). When plotting RNAV waypoints on an aeronautical chart, pilots find it difficult to measure to that level of accuracy, and in practical application…