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  • 14 CFR § 91.109 Flight instruction; Simulated instrument flight and certain flight tests.

    Flight instruction; Simulated instrument flight and certain flight tests. (a) No person may operate a civil aircraft (except a manned free balloon) that is being used for flight instruction unless that aircraft has fully functioning dual controls. However, instrument flight ... controls the elevator and ailerons, in place of fixed, dual controls, when— (1) The instructor has determined that the flight can be conducted safely; and (2) The person manipulating the controls has at least a private pilot certificate with appropriate…

  • Chapter 5: Flight Instruments › Flight Management Systems (FMS) › Electronic Flight Instrument Systems

    Electronic Flight Instrument Systems Modern technology has introduced into aviation a new method of displaying flight instruments, such as electronic flight instrument systems, integrated flight deck displays, and others. For the purpose of the practical test standards, any flight instrument ... display that utilizes LCD or picture tube like displays is referred to as “electronic flight instrument display” and/or a glass flight deck. In general aviation there is typically a primary flight display (PFD) and a multi-function display (MFD). Although…

  • Chapter 5. Air Traffic Procedures › Section 1. Preflight › 5-1-5. Flight Plan - VFR Flights

    Pilots may take advantage of advances in technology by filing their flight plans using any available electronic means. Activating the flight plan will ensure that you receive VFR Search and Rescue services. c. When a stopover flight is anticipated ... recommended that a separate flight plan be filed for each leg of the flight. d. Pilots are encouraged to activate their VFR flight plans with Flight Service by the most expeditious means possible. This may be via radio or other…

  • Appendix B › Lesson 3—Flight instruments and human factors › Flight Training

    Ground Training Instrument system preflight procedures Attitude instrument flying Fundamental instrument skills Instrument cross-check techniques Flight Training Aircraft and instrument preflight inspection Use of checklists Fundamental instrument skills Basic flight maneuvers Instrument approach (demonstrated) Postflight procedures Lesson 3—Flight ... instruments and human factors Ground Training Human factors Flight instruments and systems Aircraft systems Navigation instruments and systems Flight Training Aircraft and instrument preflight inspection Radio communications Checklist procedures Attitude instrument flying Fundamental instrument skills Basic flight maneuvers Spatial disorientation…

  • Chapter 10: IFR Flight › Conducting an IFR Flight › Preflight

    This is also a good time for the pilot to consider recent flight experience, pilot proficiency, fitness, and personal weather minimums to fly this particular flight. Check the A/FD to become familiar with the departure and arrival airport, and check ... routing between BHM and GPT. Next, review the approach charts and any DP or STAR that pertains to the flight. Finally, review the en route charts for potential routing, paying close attention to the minimum en route and obstacle clearance…

  • 14 CFR § 61.65 Instrument rating requirements.

    Instrument rating requirements. flight training from an authorized instructor in a powered-lift that is appropriate to the instrument-powered-lift rating within 2 calendar months before the date of the practical test; and (ii) Instrument flight training on cross ... country flight procedures, including one cross country flight in a powered-lift with an authorized instructor that is performed under instrument flight rules, when a flight plan has been filed with an air traffic control facility, that involves…