SH.I.F.K2c

From the FAA library

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 6-2
  Chapter 6: Flight Controls › Flight Control Systems › Primary Flight Controls

  Flight Control Systems Flight Controls Aircraft flight control systems consist of primary and secondary systems. The ailerons, elevator (or stabilator), and rudder constitute the primary control system and are required to control an aircraft safely during flight. Wing flaps, leading ... edge devices, spoilers, and trim systems constitute the secondary control system and improve the performance characteristics of the airplane or relieve the pilot of excessive control forces. Primary Flight Controls Aircraft control systems are carefully designed to provide adequate responsiveness…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 6-2
  Chapter 6: Flight Controls

  addition, in some large and fast aircraft, controls are boosted by hydraulically or electrically actuated systems. In both the fly-by-wire and boosted controls, the feel of the control reaction is fed back to the pilot by simulated means ... Current research at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Dryden Flight Research Center involves Intelligent Flight Control Systems (IFCS). The goal of this project is to develop an adaptive neural network-based flight control system. Applied directly to flight…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 6-2
  Chapter 6: Weight and Balance › Weight › Weight Limitations

  Maximum Gross Weight The maximum weight of the helicopter is referred to its maximum gross weight. Most helicopters have an internal maximum gross weight, which refers to the weight within the helicopter structure and an external maximum gross weight, which ... refers to the weight of the helicopter with an external load. The external maximum weight may vary depending on where it is attached to the helicopter. Some large cargo helicopters may have several attachment points for sling load or winch…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 2-26
  Chapter 3: Helicopter Flight Controls

  Chapter Summary This chapter introduced the basics of aerodynamic fundamentals and theory and how they relate to flying a helicopter. This chapter also explained how aerodynamics affect helicopter flight and how important it is for pilots to understand aerodynamic principles ... prepared to react to these effects. For additional information on aerodynamics, refer to the aerodynamics of flight portion of the Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge. Figure 2-48. Force vectors in vertical autorotation descent. Figure 2-49. Blade regions…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 4-16
  Chapter 4: Helicopter Components, Sections, and Systems › Hydraulics

  Hydraulics Most helicopters, other than smaller piston-powered helicopters, incorporate the use of hydraulic actuators to overcome high control forces. [Figure 4-25] A typical hydraulic system consists of actuators, also called servos, on each flight control, a pump which ... usually driven by the main rotor transmission and a reservoir to store the hydraulic fluid. Some helicopters have accumulators located on the pressure side of the hydraulic system. This allows for a continuous fluid pressure into the system. A switch…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 11-25
  Chapter 11: Helicopter Emergencies and Hazards › VFR Flight into Instrument Meteorological Conditions

  first, as it is natural to look for help in stressful situations. This may distract the pilot from maintaining control of the helicopter. If the pilot is not instrument rated, instrument current nor proficient, or is flying ... equipped helicopter, remaining in VMC is paramount. Pilots who are not trained or proficient in flight solely by reference to instruments have a tendency to attempt to maintain flight by visual ground reference, which tends to result in flying…