SH.VIII.I.K1c

From the FAA library

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 5-11
  Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight › Ground Effect

  This is due to the air that is trapped between the wing and the landing surface, as if there were an air cushion. This phenomenon is called ground effect. When an aircraft in flight comes within several feet…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 11-5
  Chapter 11: Helicopter Emergencies and Hazards › Autorotation › Common Errors

  weight is placed on the landing carriage, slowing the helicopter; however, this is dependent on the condition of the landing surface. One common error is the holding of the helicopter off the surface, versus cushioning it onto the surface during ... contacting the tail boom. The rotor rpm should be used to cushion the helicopter on to the surface for a controlled, smooth landing instead of allowing the helicopter to drop the last few inches. Common Errors 1. Not understanding…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. G-30
  Glossary › Pilot’s Operating Handbook/Airplane Flight Manual

  drag and induced drag. Touchdown zone elevation (TDZE). The highest elevation in the first 3,000 feet of the landing surface, TDZE is indicated on the instrument approach procedure chart when straight-in landing minimums are authorized. Touchdown zone lights…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 11-5
  Chapter 11: Helicopter Emergencies and Hazards › Autorotation › Technique (How to Practice)

  weight is placed on the landing carriage, slowing the helicopter; however, this is dependent on the condition of the landing surface…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 11-11
  Chapter 11: Helicopter Emergencies and Hazards › Ground Resonance

  something like 122°, 122°, and 116° between blades. [Figure 11-4] When another part of the landing gear strikes the surface, the unbalanced condition could be further aggravated…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 9-4
  Chapter 9: Approaches and Landings › Final Approach › Wrong Surface Landing Avoidance

  excessive rate of descent or a low altitude stall. It is possible for either or both to occur. Wrong Surface Landing Avoidance A wrong surface landing occurs when an aircraft lands or tries to land on the wrong runway ... driven by GPS, and these devices should increase situational awareness and safety. If there is a doubt over the landing surface, the pilot should go around and consider the situation further…