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  • Chapter 9: Approaches and Landings › Final Approach › Stabilized Approach Concept

    cause a sudden decrease in lift, an excessive sink rate, and an aggravated unstable condition. If the approach is too high or too low, it may not be possible to establish a stabilized approach, and the pilot should execute ... around. Typically, pilots go-around if unable to establish a stabilized approach by 500 ft above airport elevation in visual meteorological conditions (VMC) or 1,000 ft above airport elevation in instrument conditions (IMC). For a typical GA piston aircraft…

  • Chapter 9: Approaches and Landings › Faulty Approaches and Landings › High Final Approach

    sudden decrease in lift and causes the airplane to sink more rapidly. If there is any doubt about the approach being safely completed, it is advisable to execute an immediate go-around. Figure 9-30. Right and wrong methods ... correction for low final approach. High Final Approach When the final approach is too high, the pilot may lower the flaps as required. Further reduction in power may be necessary, while lowering the nose simultaneously to maintain approach airspeed…

  • Chapter 9: Approaches and Landings › Short-Field Approach and Landing

    When safety and conditions permit, a wider-than-normal pattern with a longer final approach may be used. This allows the pilot ample opportunity to adjust and stabilize the descent angle after the airplane is configured and trimmed. A stabilized ... approach is essential. The procedures for landing on a short field or for landing approaches over obstacles as recommended in the AFM/POH should be used. [Figure 9-22 and Figure 9-23] These procedures generally involve a final approach started…

  • Chapter 9: Approaches and Landings › Normal Approach and Landing › Final Approach

    drift correction is established and maintained to follow a ground track perpendicular to the extension of the landing runway centerline. This requires that the airplane be angled sufficiently into the wind to prevent drifting farther away from the intended landing ... spot. Figure 9-3. Base leg and final approach. Final Approach After the base-to-final approach turn is completed, the pilot aligns the longitudinal axis of the airplane with the centerline of the runway or landing surface…

  • Chapter 4: Approaches › Stabilized Approach

    This process is simplified by maintaining a constant approach speed, descent rate, vertical flight path, and configuration during the final stages of an approach. This is referred to as the stabilized approach concept. A stabilized approach is essential for safe ... turbojet operations and commercial turbojet operators must establish and use procedures that result in stabilized approaches. A stabilized approach is also strongly recommended for propeller-driven airplanes and helicopters. You should limit configuration changes at low altitudes to those changes…

  • Chapter 4: Approaches › Final Approach Segment

    Final Approach Segment The final approach segment for an approach with vertical guidance or a precision approach begins where the glideslope/glidepath intercepts the minimum glideslope/ glidepath intercept altitude shown on the approach chart. If ATC authorizes a lower intercept altitude ... final approach segment begins upon glideslope/glidepath interception at that altitude. For a non-precision approach, the final approach segment begins either at a designated FAF, which is depicted as a cross on the profile view, or at the point where…