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  • Chapter 2: Ground Operations › Preflight Assessment of the Aircraft › Landing Gear, Tires, and Brakes

    Landing Gear, Tires, and Brakes The landing gear, tires, and brakes allow the airplane to maneuver from and return to the ramp, taxiway, and runway environment in a precise and controlled manner. The landing gear, tires, and brakes should ... inspected to ensure that the airplane can be positively controlled on the ground. Landing gear on airplanes varies from simple fixed gear to complex retractable gear systems. Fixed landing gear is a gear system in which the landing gear struts…

  • Chapter 18: Emergency Procedures › Flight Control Malfunction/Failure › Landing Gear Malfunction

    pilot can request that the runway surface be foamed. The pilot should consider burning off excess fuel. This reduces landing speed and fire potential. If the landing gear malfunction is limited to one main landing gear leg, the pilot should ... that side. The reduced weight makes it possible to delay the unsupported wing from contacting the surface during the landing roll until the last possible moment. Reduced impact speeds result in less damage. If only one landing gear leg fails…

  • Chapter 12: Transition to Complex Airplanes › Retractable Landing Gear › Approach and Landing

    This accomplishes two purposes—it ensures that action has been taken to lower the gear and establishes awareness so that the gear down indicators can be rechecked prior to landing. Unless good operating practices dictate otherwise, the landing roll should ... clear of the runway before any levers or switches are operated. This technique greatly reduces the chance of inadvertently retracting the landing gear while on the ground. Wait until after rollout and clearing the runway to focus attention…

  • Chapter 12: Transition to Complex Airplanes › Retractable Landing Gear › Landing Gear Safety Devices

    Landing Gear Safety Devices Most airplanes with a retractable landing gear have a gear warning horn that sounds when the airplane is configured for landing and the landing gear is not down and locked. Normally, the horn is linked ... airspeed indicator so that when the airplane is below a certain airspeed, configuration, or power setting with the gear retracted, the warning horn sounds. Accidental retraction of a landing gear may be prevented by such devices as mechanical downlocks, safety…

  • Chapter 13: Aircraft Landing Gear Systems › Landing Gear Types

    Chapter 13: Aircraft Landing Gear Systems Landing Gear Types Aircraft landing gear supports the entire weight of an aircraft during landing and ground operations. They are attached to primary structural members of the aircraft. The type of gear depends ... aircraft design and its intended use. Most landing gear have wheels to facilitate operation to and from hard surfaces, such as airport runways. Other gear feature skids for this purpose, such as those found on helicopters, balloon gondolas…

  • Chapter 13: Aircraft Landing Gear Systems › Landing Gear Types › Fixed & Retractable Landing Gear

    Fixed & Retractable Landing Gear Further classification of aircraft landing gear can be made into two categories: fixed and retractable. Many small, single-engine light aircraft have fixed landing gear, as do a few light twins. This means the gear ... Chapter 2 of this handbook, as the speed of an aircraft increases, so does parasite drag. Mechanisms to retract and stow the landing gear to eliminate parasite drag add weight to the aircraft. On slow aircraft, the penalty of this…