AA.VI.I.K1
KnowledgeElements related to missed approach procedures, including reference to standby or backup instruments.
From the FAA library
- Chapter 7, Section II: Airplane Basic Flight Maneuvers › Straight-and-Level Flight › Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI)
only instrument that is capable of showing exact headings. The magnetic compass can be used as a backup instrument in case of an HSI failure; however, due to erratic, unstable movements, it is more likely to be used a supporting…
- Chapter 6, Section II: Airplane Attitude Instrument Flying
conventional analog instrumentation. However, in the event of electrical failure, the pilot still has emergency instruments as a backup. These instruments either do not require electrical power, or as in the case of many attitude indicators, they are battery equipped…
- Chapter 18: Emergency Procedures › Chapter Summary
EFIS. The redundancy of backup systems for IFR flight may be less than desired if both the primary and backup instrumentation may receive signal data input from the same pitot-static source. The failure indications of EFIS may be entirely…
- Chapter 4: Approaches › Types of Approaches
navigation while maintaining a satisfactory backup system. This backup system includes retaining all CAT II and III ILS facilities and close to one-half of the existing VOR network. Each approach is provided obstacle clearance based on the FAA Order ... NAVAID availability. Final approach obstacle clearance is different for every type of approach but is guaranteed from the start of the final approach segment to the runway (not below the MDA for non-precision approaches) or MAP, whichever occurs last…
- Chapter 4: Approaches › Primary NAVAID
primary NAVAID exists for an approach, it should be included in the IAP briefing, set into the appropriate backup or active navigation radio, and positively identified at some point prior to being used for course guidance. Adequate thought should ... conventional navigation to be used on the approach. Specific company standards and procedures normally dictate when this changeover occurs; some carriers are authorized to use FMS course guidance throughout the approach, provided that an indication of the conventional navigation guidance…
- Chapter 9: Navigation Systems › Advanced Technologies › GPS Instrument Approaches
approaches (approaches with “or GPS” in the title) and GPS stand-alone approaches in the United States. NOTE: GPS instrument approach operations outside the United States must be authorized by the appropriate country authority. While conducting these IAPs, ground-based ... need not be installed, operational, turned on, or monitored; however, monitoring backup navigation systems is always recommended when available. Pilots should have a basic understanding of GPS approach procedures and practice GPS IAPs under visual meteorological conditions (VMC) until thoroughly…