AA.VII.B.R6
Risk managementAltitude, wind, terrain, and obstruction considerations in an emergency.
From the FAA library
- Chapter 8: Flight Instruments › Altimeter Operation
altimeter indicates an altitude above the actual field elevation. If the barometric pressure setting is reset to the current altimeter setting of 29.68 "Hg, then the field elevation is again indicated on the altimeter. This pressure change ... easily noticed in flight since aircraft fly at specific altitudes. The aircraft steadily decreases true altitude while the altimeter is held constant through pilot action as discussed in the previous section. Knowing the aircraft’s altitude is vitally important…
- Chapter 18: Emergency Procedures › Basic Safety Concepts › Terrain Selection
Terrain Selection A pilot’s choice of emergency landing sites is governed by: ⦁ The route selected during preflight planning ⦁ The height above the ground when the emergency occurs ⦁ Excess airspeed (excess airspeed can be converted into distance and/or altitude ... ensure a survivable crash. If beyond gliding distance of a suitable open area, the pilot should judge the available terrain for its energy absorbing capability. If the emergency starts at a considerable height above the ground, the pilot should…
- Chapter 11: Aircraft Performance › Takeoff and Landing Performance › Takeoff Performance
aircraft requires the same dynamic pressure to become airborne at the takeoff lift coefficient. Thus, the aircraft at altitude takes off at the same indicated airspeed (IAS) as at sea level, but because of the reduced air density ... greater. The effect of density altitude on powerplant thrust depends much on the type of powerplant. An increase in altitude above standard sea level brings an immediate decrease in power output for the unsupercharged reciprocating engine. However, an increase…
- Chapter 8: Flight Instruments › Types of Altitude
Indicated altitude—read directly from the altimeter (uncorrected) when it is set to the current altimeter setting. 2. True altitude—the vertical distance of the aircraft above sea level—the actual altitude. It is often expressed as feet above mean ... level (MSL). Airport, terrain, and obstacle elevations on aeronautical charts are true altitudes. 3. Absolute altitude—the vertical distance of an aircraft above the terrain, or above ground level (AGL). 4. Pressure altitude—the altitude indicated when the altimeter setting…
- Chapter 4: Energy Management: Mastering Altitude and Airspeed Control › Viewing the Airplane as an Energy System › A Frame of Reference for Managing Energy State
airplane relative to the air, not on the speed relative to the ground below, which varies with changes in wind speed and direction. Note that changes in indicated altitude and airspeed are attained through forces resulting from the pilot ... controls. These direct control inputs determine the airplane’s ability to climb/descend or accelerate/decelerate. In contrast, changes in AGL-altitude and groundspeed are affected by “external” factors, such as varying terrain elevation and wind, which the pilot cannot alter…
- Chapter 18: Emergency Procedures › Emergency Landings › Types of Emergency Landings
Emergency Landings This section contains information on emergency landing techniques in small fixed-wing airplanes. The guidelines that are presented apply to the more adverse terrain conditions for which no practical training is possible. The objective is to instill ... pilot the knowledge that almost any terrain can be considered “suitable” for a survivable crash landing if the pilot knows how to use the airplane structure for self-protection and the protection of passengers. Types of Emergency Landings The different…