AI.II.B.R1

From the FAA library

• Aeronautical Information Manualp. 4-4-12
  Chapter 4. Air Traffic Control › Section 4. ATC Clearances and Aircraft Separation › 4-4-15. Use of Visual Clearing Procedures and Scanning Techniques

  must be aware of the limitations inherent in the visual scanning process. These limitations may include: (a) Reduced scan frequency due to concentration on flight instruments or tablets and distraction with passengers. (b) Blind spots related to high-wing…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 14-30
  Chapter 14: Airport Operations › Collision Avoidance › Scanning Techniques for Traffic Avoidance

  Pilots must be aware of the limitations inherent in the visual scanning process. These limitations may include: • Reduced scan frequency due to concentration on flight instruments or tablets and distraction with passengers. • Blind spots related to high-wing…

• Aeronautical Information Manualp. 4-4-12
  Chapter 4. Air Traffic Control › Section 4. ATC Clearances and Aircraft Separation › 4-4-14. Visual Separation

  diverging course. b. A pilot’s acceptance of instructions to follow another aircraft or provide visual separation from it is an acknowledgment that the pilot will maneuver the aircraft as necessary to avoid the other aircraft or to maintain ... other large aircraft, it is also an acknowledgment that the pilot accepts the responsibility for wake turbulence separation. Visual separation is prohibited behind super aircraft. NOTE-When a pilot has been told to follow another aircraft or to provide visual…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 1-11
  Chapter 1: Introduction to Flight Training › Safety Considerations › Collision Avoidance

  thus it is easily degraded by psychological and physiological conditions such as fatigue, boredom, illness, anxiety, or preoccupation. Effective scanning is accomplished with a series of short, regularly-spaced eye movements that bring successive areas of the sky into ... central visual field. Each movement should not exceed 10 degrees, and each area should be observed for at least 1 second to enable detection. Although horizontal back-and-forth eye movements seem preferred by most pilots, each pilot should develop…

• Aeronautical Information Manualp. 5-4-65
  Chapter 5. Air Traffic Procedures › Section 4. Arrival Procedures › 5-4-23. Visual Approach

  Visual Approach a. A visual approach is conducted on an IFR flight plan and authorizes a pilot to proceed visually and clear of clouds to the airport. The pilot must have either the airport or the preceding identified aircraft ... visibility 3 miles or greater. ATC may authorize this type of approach when it will be operationally beneficial. Visual approaches are an IFR procedure conducted under IFR in visual meteorological conditions. Cloud clearance requirements of 14 CFR section…

• Small Unmanned Aircraft System (Small UAS)p. 5-6
  CHAPTER 5. PART 107 SUBPART B, OPERATING RULES (SMALL UAS) › 5.9 VLOS Aircraft Operation › 5.9.2 VO

  coordinate to (1) scan the airspace where the small unmanned aircraft is operating for any potential collision hazard, and (2) maintain awareness of the position of the small unmanned aircraft through direct visual observation (§ 107.33). The remote ... operation, so that the remote PIC or person manipulating the controls can take appropriate action. The VO’s visual observation of the small unmanned aircraft and surrounding airspace would enable the VO to inform the remote PIC of the status…