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  • Chapter 4. Air Traffic Control › Section 4. ATC Clearances and Aircraft Separation › 4-4-16. Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS I & II)

    Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS I & II) a. TCAS I provides proximity warning only, to assist the pilot in the visual acquisition of intruder aircraft. No recommended avoidance maneuvers are provided nor authorized as a direct result ... smaller commuter aircraft holding 10 to 30 passenger seats, and general aviation aircraft. b. TCAS II provides traffic advisories (TA) and resolution advisories (RA). Resolution advisories provide recommended maneuvers in a vertical direction (climb or descend only) to avoid conflicting…

  • Appendix B: Acronyms, Abbreviations, and NOTAM Contractions

    publication standard FIR—flight information region FIRE—fire station FIRMR—Federal Information Resource Management Regulation FL—flight level FLOWSIM—traffic flow planning simulation FM—from FMA—final monitor aid FMF—facility master file FMIS—FTS2000 management information system FMS—flight ... management system FNA—final approach FNMS—FTS2000 network management system FOIA—Freedom Of Information Act FONSI—finding of no significant impact FP—flight plan FPM—feet per minute FRC—request full route clearance FREQ—frequency FRH—fly runway heading…

  • Chapter 4. Air Traffic Control › Section 4. ATC Clearances and Aircraft Separation › 4-4-15. Use of Visual Clearing Procedures and Scanning Techniques

    ability to detect another aircraft. 2. Best practices to see and avoid: (a) ADS-B In is an effective system to help pilots see and avoid other aircraft. If your aircraft is equipped with ADS-B In, it is important ... understand its features and how to use it properly. Many units provide visual and/or audio alerts to supplement the system’s traffic display. Pilots should incorporate the traffic display in their normal traffic scan to provide awareness of nearby aircraft…

  • Chapter 14: Airport Operations › Collision Avoidance › Scanning Techniques for Traffic Avoidance

    affect our ability to detect another aircraft. Best practices to see and avoid: • ADS-B In is an effective system to help pilots see and avoid other aircraft. If your aircraft is equipped with ADS-B In, it is important ... understand its features and how to use it properly. Many units provide visual and/or audio alerts to supplement the system's traffic display. Pilots should incorporate the traffic display in their normal traffic scan to provide awareness of nearby aircraft…

  • Chapter 6: Flight Controls › Flight Control Systems › Primary Flight Controls

    Flight Control Systems Flight Controls Aircraft flight control systems consist of primary and secondary systems. The ailerons, elevator (or stabilator), and rudder constitute the primary control system and are required to control an aircraft safely during flight. Wing flaps, leading ... edge devices, spoilers, and trim systems constitute the secondary control system and improve the performance characteristics of the airplane or relieve the pilot of excessive control forces. Primary Flight Controls Aircraft control systems are carefully designed to provide adequate responsiveness…

  • Chapter 11: Communication & Navigation › Collision Avoidance Systems › ADS-B

    airport. ADS-B IN offers features not available in TCAS. Equipped aircraft are able to receive abundant data to enhance situational awareness. Traffic information services-broadcast (TIS-B) supply traffic information from non-ADS-B aircraft and ADS-B aircraft ... different frequency. Ground radar Figure 11-131. Traffic collision and avoidance system (TCAS) uses an aircraft’s transponder to interrogate and receive replies from other aircraft in close proximity. The TCAS computer alerts the pilot as to the presence…