Tutor Platform
Study note

Get a short, cited explanation of this element written from the FAA handbooks: the core idea, the numbers that matter, common test traps, and a quick self-check.

Sign in to generate a study note

From the FAA library

  • UNITED STATES AIDS FOR MARINE NAVIGATION › BUOYS AND DAYBEACONS

    operations, a pilot must be familiar with seaplane bases, maritime rules, and aids to marine navigation. SEAPLANE LANDING AREAS The familiar rotating beacon is used to identify lighted seaplane landing areas at night and during periods of reduced visibility; however…

  • Appendix B: Acronyms, Abbreviations, and NOTAM Contractions

    local control LCF—local control facility LCN—local communications network LCTD—located LDA—localizer-type directional aid; landing directional aid LDG—landing LDIN—lead-in lights LEC—local exchange carrier LF—low frequency LGT—light or lighting LGTD—lighted LINCS ... locally; location; localizer LOCID—location identifier LOI—letter of intent LOM—compass locator at outer marker LONG—longitude LPV—lateral precision performance with vertical guidance LRCO—limited remote communications outlet LRNAV—long range navigation LRR—long range radar LSR—loose…

  • Chapter 1. Air Navigation › Section 2. Performance-Based Navigation (PBN) and Area Navigation (RNAV) › 1-2-1. General

    Section 2. Performance-Based Navigation (PBN) and Area Navigation (RNAV) Area Navigation (RNAV) 1-2-1. General a. Introduction to PBN. As air travel has evolved, methods of navigation have improved to give operators more flexibility. PBN exists under ... umbrella of area navigation (RNAV). The term RNAV in this context, as in procedure titles, just means “area navigation,” regardless of the equipment capability of the aircraft. (See FIG 1-2-1.) Many operators have upgraded their systems to obtain…

  • Chapter 1. Air Navigation › Section 1. Navigation Aids › 1-1-1. General

    Chapter 1. Air Navigation Section 1. Navigation Aids 1-1-1. General a. Various types of air navigation aids are in use today, each serving a special purpose. These aids have varied owners and operators, namely: the Federal Aviation Administration ... services, private organizations, individual states and foreign governments. The FAA has the statutory authority to establish, operate, maintain air navigation facilities and to prescribe standards for the operation of any of these aids which are used for instrument flight…

  • Pilot/Controller Glossary › N

    NATIONAL SECURITY AREA (NSA)– (See SPECIAL USE AIRSPACE.) NAVAID- (See NAVIGATIONAL AID.) NAVAID CLASSES- VOR, VORTAC, and TACAN aids are classed according to their operational use. The three classes of NAVAIDs are: a. T- Terminal. b. L- Low altitude ... High altitude. Note: The normal service range for T, L, and H class aids is found in the AIM. Certain operational requirements make it necessary to use some of these aids at greater service ranges than specified. Extended range…

  • ABBREVIATIONS

    Instrument Approach Procedure ICAO - International Civil Aviation Authority IDT - Identifier IF - Intermediate Fix IFR - Instrument Flight Rules ILS - Instrument Landing System IMC - Instrument Meteorological Conditions INS - Inertial Navigation System IR - Instrument Route (Military) IRU - Inertial Reference Unit J JO - Joint ... LAHSO - Land and Hold Short LDA - Landing Distance Available LDA - Localizer-type Directional Aid Ldg - Landing LF - Low Frequency LIRL - Low Intensity Runway Lights LNAV - Lateral Navigation LOC - Localizer LOM - Locator Outer Marker LPV - Localizer Performance with Vertical Guidance LRRS…