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  • Chapter 10: Performance Maneuvers › Steep Spiral

    Steep Spiral The objective of the steep spiral is to provide a flight maneuver for rapidly dissipating substantial amounts of altitude while remaining over a selected spot. This maneuver may be useful during an emergency landing. A steep spiral ... concludes no lower than 1,500 feet above ground level (AGL). Note that while there are similarities between a steep spiral and an emergency descent, the reasons for using the two maneuvers may differ, and the airspeed and configuration…

  • Chapter 5: Maintaining Aircraft Control: Upset Prevention and Recovery Training › Stalls › Spiral Dive

    Spiral Dive A spiral dive, a nose-low upset, is a descending turn during which airspeed and G-load can increase rapidly and often results from a botched turn. In a spiral dive, the airplane is flying very tight circles ... nearly vertical attitude and will be accelerating because it is no longer stalled. Pilots typically get into a spiral dive during an inadvertent IMC encounter, most often when the pilot relies on kinesthetic sensations rather than on the flight instruments…

  • Chapter 18: Emergency Procedures › Introduction

    advanced systems, such a parachutes, EFIS, and composite construction. While the transition is not difficult, it does require a properly designed transition training program led by a competent flight instructor-S or flight instructor-A. Safety is of utmost importance ... when it comes to any flight activity. In order to properly assess the hazards of flight and mitigate flight risk, a pilot needs to develop the appropriate knowledge, risk management, and skill, to effectively and safely pilot an LSA. Chapter…

  • Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight › Directional Stability (Yawing) › Spiral Instability

    Spiral Instability Spiral instability exists when the static directional stability of the aircraft is very strong as compared to the effect of its dihedral in maintaining lateral equilibrium. When the lateral equilibrium of the aircraft is disturbed by a gust ... aircraft into the relative wind is actually forcing the nose to a lower pitch attitude. A slow downward spiral begins which, if not counteracted by the pilot, gradually increases into a steep spiral dive. Usually the rate of divergence…

  • Chapter 1: Introduction to Flight Training › Safety Considerations › Collision Avoidance

    Pilots’ Role in Collision Avoidance, and the Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM). There are many different types of clearing procedures. Most are centered around the use of clearing turns. The essential idea of the clearing turn is to be certain that ... rules, such as requiring two 90° turns in opposite directions before executing any training maneuver. Other types of clearing procedures may be developed by individual flight instructors. Whatever the preferred method, the flight instructor should teach the beginning learner…

  • 14 CFR § 121.414 Initial, transition and recurrent training and checking requirements: Flight instructors.

    Initial, transition and recurrent training and checking requirements: Flight instructors. (6) The approved methods, procedures, and limitations for performing the required normal, abnormal, and emergency procedures in the airplane. (7) Except for holders of a flight instructor certificate ... fundamental principles of the teaching-learning process; (ii) Teaching methods and procedures; and (iii) The instructor-student relationship. (8) For flight instructors who conduct training in an FSTD, the following subjects specific to the device(s) for the airplane type…