AI.IX.C.S4

From the FAA library

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 3-11
  Chapter 3: Basic Flight Maneuvers › Level Turns

  coordinated flight. For purposes of this discussion, turns are divided into three classes: shallow, medium, and steep. ⦁ Shallow turns—bank angle is approximately 20° or less. This shallow bank is such that the inherent lateral stability of the airplane slowly ... levels the wings unless aileron pressure in the desired direction of bank is held by the pilot to maintain the bank angle. ⦁ Medium turns—result from a degree of bank between approximately 20° and 45°. At medium bank angles…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 5-23
  Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight › Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers › Forces in Turns

  horizontal component of lift. It is found that the horizontal component of lift is proportional to the angle of bank—that is, it increases or decreases respectively as the angle of bank increases or decreases. As the angle of bank ... increasing the rate of turn (ROT). Consequently, at any given airspeed, the ROT can be controlled by adjusting the angle of bank. To provide a vertical component of lift sufficient to hold altitude in a level turn, an increase…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 3-15
  Chapter 3: Basic Flight Maneuvers › Level Turns › Establishing a Turn

  control inputs result in slower roll rates and provide for more time to accurately complete the necessary pitch and bank corrections. Figure 3-18. Parallax view. Some additional considerations for initiating turns are the following: ⦁ If the airplane’s nose ... starts to move before the bank starts, the rudder is being applied too soon. ⦁ If the bank starts before the nose starts turning or the nose moves in the opposite direction, the rudder is being applied too late…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 5-23
  Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight › Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers › Forces in Climbs

  great for the angle of bank. Correction of a skidding turn thus involves a reduction in the ROT, an increase in bank, or a combination of the two changes. To maintain a given ROT, the angle of bank must ... becomes particularly important in high-speed aircraft. For instance, at 400 miles per hour (mph), an aircraft must be banked approximately 44° to execute a standard-rate turn (3° per second). At this angle of bank, only about 79 percent…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 13-28
  Chapter 13: Transition to Multiengine Airplanes › Engine Inoperative Flight Principles › OEI Climb Performance

  Figure 13-15. Wings level engine-out flight. 2. Engine inoperative flight using ailerons alone requires an 8–10° bank angle toward the operative engine. [Figure 13-16] This assumes no rudder input, the ball is displaced well toward ... increased risk of loss of control, instructors should not normally demonstrate this. Figure 13-16. Excessive bank engine-out flight. 3. Rudder and ailerons used together in the proper combination result in a bank of approximately 2° toward the operative…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 13-25
  Chapter 13: Transition to Multiengine Airplanes › Engine Inoperative Flight Principles › ⦁ All propeller controls in the recommended takeoff position throughout VMC determination

  Airplane airborne and the ground effect negligible (section 23.149(b)). ⦁ Maximum of 5° angle of bank (section 23.149(a)). VMC is highly sensitive to bank angle. To prevent claims of an unrealistically low VMC speed in aircraft certification, the manufacturer ... permitted to use a maximum of a 5° bank angle toward the operative engine. The horizontal component of lift generated by the bank balances the side force from the rudder, rather than using sideslip to do so. Sideslip requires more…