AI.IX.F.K3
KnowledgePivotal altitude and factors that affect it.
From the FAA library
- Chapter 7: Ground Reference Maneuvers › Elementary Eights › Eights on Pylons
Figure 7-12. Speed versus pivotal altitude. Distance from the pylon affects the angle of bank. At any altitude above that pivotal altitude, the projected reference line appears to move rearward in a circular path in relation to the pylon ... Conversely, when the airplane is below the pivotal altitude, the projected reference line appears to move forward in a circular path. [Figure 7-13] To demonstrate this, the pilot will fly at maneuvering speed and at an altitude below…
- Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight › Load Factors › Load Factors and Flight Maneuvers
Spins Load Factors and Flight Maneuvers Critical load factors apply to all flight maneuvers except unaccelerated straight flight where a load factor of 1 G is always present. Certain maneuvers considered in this section are known to involve relatively high ... load factors. Full application of pitch, roll, or yaw controls should be confined to speeds below the maneuvering speed. Avoid rapid and large alternating control inputs, especially in combination with large changes in pitch, roll, or yaw (e.g., large sideslip…
- Chapter 7: Ground Reference Maneuvers › Elementary Eights › Eights Around Pylons
Eights Around Pylons Eights around pylons is a ground reference maneuver with the same principles and techniques of correcting for wind drift as used in turns around a point and the same objectives as other ground track maneuvers. Eights around ... pylons utilizes two ground reference points called “pylons.” Turns around each pylon are made in opposite directions to follow a ground track in the form of a figure 8. [Figure 7-9] Figure 7-9. Eights around pylons. The pattern…