AI.VII.B.S10

From the FAA library

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 9-3
  Chapter 9: Approaches and Landings › Normal Approach and Landing › Final Approach

  drift correction is established and maintained to follow a ground track perpendicular to the extension of the landing runway centerline. This requires that the airplane be angled sufficiently into the wind to prevent drifting farther away from the intended landing ... Base leg and final approach. Final Approach After the base-to-final approach turn is completed, the pilot aligns the longitudinal axis of the airplane with the centerline of the runway or landing surface. On a final approach, with…

• Seaplane, Skiplane, and Float/Ski Equipped Helicopter Operations Handbookp. 7-7
  LANDINGS

  LANDINGS Landing a skiplane is easy compared to landing with wheels; however, for off-airport landings, extra precautions are necessary. Be careful in choosing a landing site. Before landing, evaluate the site to be sure a safe departure will ... possible. Upon arriving at a prospective landing site, a pass should be made over the landing area to determine landing direction, and to determine if a safe approach and landing can be completed. A trial landing should be accomplished…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 16-22
  Chapter 16: Transition to Jet-Powered Airplanes › Jet Engine Landing › Glidepath Control

  visual approaches, pilots may have a tendency to make flat approaches. A flat approach, however, increases landing distance and should be avoided. For example, an approach angle of 2° instead of a recommended 3° adds 500 feet to landing distance ... stable but high approach. It also may occur during a nonprecision instrument approach where the missed approach point is close to or at the runway threshold. Regardless of the cause, excessive height over the threshold most likely results…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 9-20
  Chapter 9: Approaches and Landings › Turbulent Air Approach and Landing

  Attempted landing in crosswinds that exceed the airplane’s maximum demonstrated crosswind component. 2. Undershooting or overshooting the turn from base leg to final approach. 3. Inadequate compensation for wind drift on final approach. 4. Unstable approach. 5. Excessive sink ... rate or too low an airspeed from increased drag and reduced vertical lift during sideslip. 6. Failure to touch down with the longitudinal axis aligned with the runway. 7. Touching down while drifting. 8. Excessive airspeed on touchdown. 9. Failure…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 9-30
  Chapter 9: Approaches and Landings › Faulty Approaches and Landings › Low Final Approach

  Faulty Approaches and Landings Landing involves many precise, time-sensitive, and sequential control inputs. When corrected early, small errors are often not noticeable. On the other hand, uncorrected errors may place the airplane and occupants in an undesirable state. Since ... pilot training normally includes exposure to landing deviations and their appropriate remedies, this section covers several common landing imperfections. Low Final Approach When the base leg is too low, insufficient power is used, landing flaps are extended prematurely…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 9-16
  Chapter 9: Approaches and Landings › Crosswind Approach and Landing › Crosswind Final Approach

  Pilots using this technique use precise airplane control as changes in control pressure occur near the ground, on short final, and while over the runway. To use the wing-low method, the pilot first uses rudder to align and maintain ... airplane’s heading with the runway direction. Since the airplane is now exposed to an uncorrected crosswind, the airplane will begin to drift. Note the rate and direction of drift, and oppose it using ailerons resulting in just enough bank…