AI.VII.D.S9
SkillMake smooth, timely, and correct control inputs during the round out and touchdown, and, for tricycle gear airplanes, keep the nose wheel off the surface until loss of elevator effectiveness.
From the FAA library
- Chapter 9: Approaches and Landings › Soft-Field Approach and Landing
higher approach speeds may result in excessive float in ground effect, and floating makes a smooth, controlled touchdown even more difficult. There is no reason for a steep angle of descent unless obstacles are present in the approach path. Touchdown ... soft or rough field is made at the lowest possible airspeed with the airplane in a nose-high pitch attitude. In nose-wheel type airplanes, after the main wheels touch the surface, the pilot should hold sufficient back-elevator pressure…
- Chapter 9: Approaches and Landings › Soft-Field Approach and Landing › Common Errors
Once committed to a landing, the pilot should gently lower the nose-wheel to the surface. A slight addition of power usually aids in easing the nose-wheel down. The use of brakes on a soft field is not needed ... should be avoided as this may tend to impose a heavy load on the nose-gear due to premature or hard contact with the landing surface, causing the nose-wheel to dig in. The soft or rough surface itself provides…
- Chapter 6: Flight Controls › Flight Control Systems › Primary Flight Controls
Flight Control Systems Flight Controls Aircraft flight control systems consist of primary and secondary systems. The ailerons, elevator (or stabilator), and rudder constitute the primary control system and are required to control an aircraft safely during flight. Wing flaps, leading ... edge devices, spoilers, and trim systems constitute the secondary control system and improve the performance characteristics of the airplane or relieve the pilot of excessive control forces. Primary Flight Controls Aircraft control systems are carefully designed to provide adequate responsiveness…
- Chapter 18: Emergency Procedures › Flight Control Malfunction/Failure › Landing Gear Malfunction
hard surface does, however, create sparks that can ignite fuel. If the airport is so equipped, the pilot can request that the runway surface be foamed. The pilot should consider burning off excess fuel. This reduces landing speed and fire ... potential. If the landing gear malfunction is limited to one main landing gear leg, the pilot should consume as much fuel from that side of the airplane as practicable, thereby reducing the weight of the wing on that side…
- Chapter 12: Transition to Complex Airplanes › Retractable Landing Gear › Approach and Landing
This is especially so in cases of premature lift-off. Remember that leaning forward to reach the landing gear selector may result in inadvertent forward pressure on the yoke, which causes the airplane to descend. As the landing gear retracts ... airspeed increases and the airplane’s pitch attitude may change. The gear may take several seconds to retract. Gear retraction and locking (and gear extension and locking) is accompanied by sound and feel that are unique to the specific make…
- Chapter 13: Aircraft Landing Gear Systems › Landing Gear Arrangement › Tricycle-Type Landing Gear
Tricycle-Type Landing Gear The most commonly used landing gear arrangement is the tricycle-type landing gear. It is comprised of main gear and nose gear. [Figure 13-6] Tricycle-type landing gear is used on large and small aircraft ... with the following benefits: 1. Allows more forceful application of the brakes without nosing over when braking, which enables higher landing speeds. 2. Provides better visibility from the flight deck, especially during landing and ground maneuvering. 3. Prevents ground-looping…