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  • SKIPPING

    across them at an angle rather than head-on. Remember to check for other air traffic and make any appropriate radio calls. Be sure to use the pre-takeoff checklist on every takeoff. All checks are performed as the seaplane ... crosswinds, rough water, or gusts upsetting the seaplane. Waste no time during the runup checks, but be thorough and precise. Taxi speed will drop as soon as the power is reduced. Water rudders are normally retracted before applying takeoff power…

  • LANDING › ANCHORING

    holding characteristics of the bottom are important in selecting an appropriate anchorage. The length of the anchor line should be about seven times the depth of the water. After dropping the anchor with the seaplane headed into the wind, allow ... seaplane can swing around the anchor without striking nearby obstacles or other anchored vessels. Be certain the water rudders are retracted, as they can interfere with the seaplane’s ability to respond to wind shifts. If anchoring the seaplane overnight…

  • SKIPPING › CROSSWIND TAKEOFFS › USING WATER RUDDERS

    USING WATER RUDDERS Another technique for maintaining a straight takeoff path involves leaving the water rudders down to assist with steering. Using the water rudders provides added directional control until the aerodynamic controls become effective. To use this technique, align ... accelerates, use enough aileron pressure to keep the upwind wing down. The downwind float should lift free of the water first. After lift-off, make a coordinated turn to establish the proper crab angle for the climb, and retract…

  • SKIPPING › GLASSY WATER TAKEOFFS

    GLASSY WATER TAKEOFFS Glassy water makes takeoff more difficult in two ways. The smoothness of the surface has the effect of increasing drag, making acceleration and lift-off more difficult. This can feel as if there is suction between ... water and the floats. A little surface roughness actually helps break the contact between the floats and the water by introducing turbulence and air bubbles between water and the float bottoms. The intermittent contact between floats and water…

  • Chapter 12: Transition to Complex Airplanes › Retractable Landing Gear › Takeoff and Climb

    Takeoff and Climb Normally, the landing gear is retracted after lift-off when the airplane has reached an altitude where, in the event of an engine failure or other emergency requiring an aborted takeoff, the airplane could no longer ... landed on the runway. This procedure, however, may not apply to all situations. Preplan landing gear retraction taking into account the following: ⦁ Length of the runway ⦁ Climb gradient ⦁ Obstacle clearance requirements ⦁ The characteristics of the terrain beyond the departure…