AI.VII.M.R8

From the FAA library

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 9-35
  Chapter 9: Approaches and Landings › Faulty Approaches and Landings › Touchdown in a Drift or Crab

  direction of motion throughout the approach and touchdown. There are three factors that cause the longitudinal axis and the direction of motion to be misaligned during touchdown: drifting, crabbing, or a combination of both. If the pilot does not take ... airplane’s sideward movement with respect to the ground. Consequently, any sideward velocity of the airplane is abruptly decelerated, as shown in Figure 9-37. This creates a moment around the main wheel when it contacts the ground, tending…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 9-18
  Chapter 9: Approaches and Landings › Crosswind Approach and Landing › Crosswind After-Landing Roll

  With the main wheels acting as a pivot point and the greater surface area exposed to the crosswind behind that pivot point, the airplane tends to turn or weathervane into the wind. The relative wind acting on an airplane during ... wind, which acts in the direction the air mass is traveling. It has a headwind component acting along the airplane’s ground track and a crosswind component acting 90° to its track. The other factor is the wind induced…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 9-35
  Chapter 9: Approaches and Landings › Faulty Approaches and Landings › Hard Landing

  Hard Landing When the airplane contacts the ground during landings, its vertical speed is instantly reduced to zero. Unless provisions are made to slow this vertical speed and cushion the impact of touchdown, the force of contact with the ground ... could cause structural damage to the airplane. The purpose of pneumatic tires, shock absorbing landing gear, and other devices is to cushion the impact and to increase the time in which the airplane’s vertical descent is stopped. The importance…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 9-12
  Chapter 9: Approaches and Landings › Intentional Slips

  inoperative or not installed. A slip is a combination of forward movement and sideward (with respect to the longitudinal axis of the airplane) movement, the lateral axis being inclined and the sideward movement being toward the low end of this ... axis (low wing). An airplane in a slip is in fact flying sideways through the air even though it may appear to be going straight over the ground. This results in a change in the direction that the relative wind…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 12-1
  Chapter 12: Transition to Complex Airplanes › Introduction

  Chapter 12: Transition to Complex Airplanes Introduction A high-performance airplane is defined as an airplane with an engine capable of developing more than 200 horsepower (see 14 CFR part 61, section 61.31(f)(1)). A complex airplane ... part 61, section 61.1) means an airplane that has a retractable landing gear, flaps, and a controllable pitch propeller, including airplanes equipped with an engine control system consisting of a digital computer and associated accessories for controlling the engine…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 9-23
  Chapter 9: Approaches and Landings › Soft-Field Approach and Landing

  pilot needs to control the airplane in a manner that the wings support the weight of the airplane as long as practical to minimize stresses imposed on the landing gear by a rough surface or to prevent sinking into ... soft surface. The approach for the soft-field landing is similar to the normal approach used for operating into long, firm landing areas. The major difference between the two is that a degree of power is used throughout the level…