AI.VIII.A.K1

From the FAA library

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 3-6
  Chapter 3: Basic Flight Maneuvers › Straight-and-Level Flight › Straight Flight

  Straight Flight Maintaining a constant direction or heading is accomplished by visually checking the relationship of the airplane’s wingtips to the natural horizon. Depending on whether the airplane is a high wing or low wing, both wingtips should ... level and equally above or below the natural horizon. Any necessary bank corrections are made with the pilot’s coordinated use of ailerons and rudder. [Figure 3-7] The pilot should understand that anytime the wings are banked, the airplane…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 3-6
  Chapter 3: Basic Flight Maneuvers › Integrated Flight Instruction

  first several hours of instruction, flight instructors may choose to use flight instrument covers to develop a beginning pilot’s skill or to correct a pilot’s poor habit of fixating on instruments by forcing them to use outside visual ... references for aircraft control. The beginning pilot, not being familiar with the intricacies of flight by references to instruments, including such things as instrument lag and gyroscopic precession, will invariably make excessive attitude corrections and end up “chasing the instruments…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 11-5
  Chapter 11: Aircraft Performance › Performance › Straight-and-Level Flight

  Straight-and-Level Flight All of the principal components of flight performance involve steady-state flight conditions and equilibrium of the aircraft. For the aircraft to remain in steady, level flight, equilibrium must be obtained by a lift equal ... powerplant thrust equal to the aircraft drag. Thus, the aircraft drag defines the thrust required to maintain steady, level flight. As presented in Chapter 4, Aerodynamics of Flight, all parts of an aircraft contribute to the drag, either induced (from…

• Aviation Instructor's Handbookp. 9-12
  Chapter 9: Techniques of Flight Instruction › Postflight Evaluation › First Solo Flight

  First Solo Flight During the learner’s first solo flight, the instructor needs to be present to assist in answering questions or resolving any issues that arise during the flight. To ensure the solo flight is a positive, confidence-building ... experience for the learner, the flight instructor needs to consider time of day when scheduling the flight. Time of day is a factor in traffic congestion, possible winds, sun angles, and reflection. If possible, the flight instructor needs access…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 3-1
  Chapter 3: Basic Flight Maneuvers › The Four Fundamentals

  Chapter 3: Basic Flight Maneuvers Introduction Airplanes operate in an environment that is unlike an automobile. Drivers tend to drive with a fairly narrow field of view and focus primarily on forward motion. Beginning pilots tend to practice the same ... Flight instructors face the challenge of teaching beginning pilots about attitude awareness; which requires understanding the motions of flight. An airplane rotates in bank, pitch, and yaw while also moving horizontally, vertically, and laterally. The four fundamentals (straight-and-level…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 3-8
  Chapter 3: Basic Flight Maneuvers › Straight-and-Level Flight › Common Errors

  nose in relation to the natural horizon. The pilot’s primary reference is the natural horizon. For all practical purposes, the airplane’s airspeed remains constant in straight-and-level flight if the power setting is also constant. Intentional airspeed ... changes, by increasing or decreasing the engine power, provide proficiency in maintaining straight-and-level flight as the airplane’s airspeed is changing. Pitching moments may also be generated by extension and retraction of flaps, landing gear, and other drag…