AI.VIII.D.K1

From the FAA library

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 3-20
  Chapter 3: Basic Flight Maneuvers › Descents and Descending Turns

  Descents and Descending Turns When an airplane enters a descent, its attitude changes from level flight to flight with a descent profile. [Figure 3-22] In a descent, weight no longer acts solely perpendicular to the flightpath. Since induced drag ... decreased as lift is reduced in order to descend, excess thrust will provide higher airspeeds. The weight/gravity force is about the same. This causes an increase in total thrust and a power reduction is required to balance the forces…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 8-17
  Chapter 8: Flight Instruments › Gyroscopic Flight Instruments › Turn Coordinator

  Turn Coordinator The gimbal in the turn coordinator is canted; therefore, its gyro can sense both rate of roll and rate of turn. Since turn coordinators are more prevalent in training aircraft, this discussion concentrates on that instrument. When rolling ... into or out of a turn, the miniature aircraft banks in the direction the aircraft is rolled. A rapid roll rate causes the miniature aircraft to bank more steeply than a slow roll rate. The turn coordinator can be used…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 5-22
  Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight › Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers › Forces in Turns

  basic truth about turns is that when the aircraft banks, lift acts inward toward the center of the turn, perpendicular to the lateral axis as well as upward. Newton’s First Law of Motion, the Law of Inertia, states that ... object at rest or moving in a straight line remains at rest or continues to move in a straight line until acted on by some other force. An aircraft, like any moving object, requires a sideward force to make…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 16-18
  Chapter 16: Transition to Jet-Powered Airplanes › Jet Airplane Descent and Approach › Descent Energy Management

  minute The exponential increase in parasite drag at higher speeds has a significant impact on both the rate of descent and the descent angle. Using the sample numbers, a 20% increase in airspeed from 210 to 250 knots, results ... increase in the descent rate. However, a 20% increase in airspeed from 250 to 300 knots results in a 100% increase in the descent rate. Therefore, when at a higher altitude than desired in a descent, lowering the nose…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 7-4
  Chapter 7: Ground Reference Maneuvers › Drift and Ground Track Control › Constant Radius During Turning Flight

  Figure 7-2. Effect of wind during a turn. For a given true airspeed, the radius of turn in the air varies proportionally with the bank angle. To maintain a constant radius over the ground, the bank angle used ... knots (for this discussion, assume true, calibrated, and indicated airspeed are all the same). If the pilot starts a turn using a 45° bank angle, the turn radius over the ground at that moment is approximately 890 feet…

• Instrument Flying Handbookp. 8-15
  Chapter 8: Helicopter Attitude Instrument Flying › 30° Bank Turn › Climbing and Descending Turns

  Climbing and Descending Turns For climbing and descending turns, the techniques described previously for straight climbs, descents, and standard rate turns are combined. For practice, simultaneously turn and start the climb or descent. The primary and supporting instruments ... stabilized constant airspeed left climbing turn are illustrated in Figure 8-15. The level off from a climbing or descending turn is the same as the level off from a straight climb or descent. To return to straight-and-level…