AI.X.A.R1

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• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 5-9
  Chapter 5: Maintaining Aircraft Control: Upset Prevention and Recovery Training › Slow Flight

  Slow Flight Flying at reduced airspeeds is normal in the takeoff/departure and approach/landing phases of flight. While pilots typically perform these operations at low airspeeds and close to the ground, pilots learn to maneuver an airplane in slow flight ... safe altitude. During slow flight, any further increase in angle of attack, increase in load factor, or reduction in power, will result in a stall warning (e.g., aircraft buffet, stall horn, etc.), and pilots should react to and correct…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 5-11
  Chapter 5: Maintaining Aircraft Control: Upset Prevention and Recovery Training › Slow Flight › Maneuvering in Slow Flight

  evaluated on the practical test. With an AOA just under the AOA which may cause an aerodynamic buffet or stall warning, the flight controls are less effective. [Figure 5-7] The elevator control is less responsive and larger control movements ... necessary to retain control of the airplane. In propeller-driven airplanes, torque, slipstream effect, and P-factor may produce a strong left yaw, which requires right rudder input to maintain coordinated flight. The closer the airplane…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 6-2
  Chapter 6: Flight Controls › Flight Control Systems › Primary Flight Controls

  Flight Control Systems Flight Controls Aircraft flight control systems consist of primary and secondary systems. The ailerons, elevator (or stabilator), and rudder constitute the primary control system and are required to control an aircraft safely during flight. Wing flaps, leading ... edge devices, spoilers, and trim systems constitute the secondary control system and improve the performance characteristics of the airplane or relieve the pilot of excessive control forces. Primary Flight Controls Aircraft control systems are carefully designed to provide adequate responsiveness…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 5-11
  Chapter 5: Maintaining Aircraft Control: Upset Prevention and Recovery Training › Slow Flight › Performing the Slow Flight Maneuver

  cases, practicing slow flight should be conducted at an adequate height above the ground for recovery should the airplane inadvertently stall. To begin the slow flight maneuver, the pilot should clear the area and gradually reduce thrust from cruise power ... airplane decreases, there is a change in the sound of the airflow. As the speed approaches the target slow flight speed, which is an airspeed just above the stall warning in the desired configuration (i.e., approximately 5–10 knots above…